论文标题:欧洲中世纪大学教师与大学精神
The University Teachers and the University Spirit in Middle Ages in Europe
论文作者 宋晓云
论文导师 胡青,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 教育学原理
论文单位 江西师范大学,点击次数 787,论文页数 54页File Size2677k
2004-04-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_1063162/ 欧洲中世纪;欧洲中世纪大学;大学教师;大学精神
the Middle Ages in Europe;the University in Middle;Ages in Europe;the teachers of university;the university spirit
本文旨在探讨欧洲中世纪大学的教师在管理、研究与教学、社会身份等方面的特点，以及教师所具有的这些特点对中世纪大学精神的形成所产生的影响。文章主要从三方面论述了中世纪大学教师所具有的特点：一、由于中世纪行会的自治传统的影响，大学教师通过建立教师行会获得内部自治的权利，正因为教师具有的自治权，使大学获得许多自由权利，形成了大学在教学和研究上的自由精神。二、作为西方文明的源头之一的古希腊—罗马文化中所包含的理性传统以及在其影响之下的中世纪经院哲学所主张的理性，使大学教师在教学与研究中崇尚辩论与理智训练，注重实验与数学的方法，形成了大学在研究与教学内容上提倡科学的精神。三、中世纪的西欧存在教权与王权之争，大学教师因为在职业资格上的专业性要求，远离政治和社会生活的身份状态，世俗教师在经济上的独立，使他们为获得特殊权利而对教会、国王、地方政府采取既利用又斗争的策略，为大学的独立精神的形成创造了条件。在某种意义上，欧洲中世纪大学教师是大学的自由、科学与独立精神的直接塑造者。
This paper intends to study the characteristics of management, research and teaching, society of teachers in Middle Ages in Europe, and influence on formation of university spirit in Middle Ages that those characteristics of teachers brought. The paper discusses the characteristics of teachers of university in Middle ages from three aspects: the first, due to the influence of autonomy tradition of guild in Middle ages, university teachers gained the right of internal autonomy through establishing teachers" guild, just because of the autonomy right that teachers had, university gained many rights, and formed the liberty spirit on teaching and research of colleges. The second, logos tradition including in ancient Greece-Rome culture which was the source of west civilization, and logos that Scholastic philosophy proposed in Middle ages under its influence, made the university teachers advocate debates and logos trainings, pay attention to experiments and mathematics methods in their teaching and research, and formed the spirit of advocating science on the content of university"s research and teaching. The third, there existed the contending of king rights in Middle ages in Europe, because of the special requirements that the university teachers gained the professional qualification, and the strategy of utilizing as well as striving to church, king and local governments in order to gain special rights, status far from politics and social living, and economic independency of mundane teachers, create the condition for the formation of university"s independence spirit. In a sense, the teachers of universities in Middle Ages in Europe were direct molders of liberty, science and independent spirit of university.
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