论文标题:我国高尔夫球场环境保护与土地政策研究
Study on Policy of Golf Course Environmental Protection and Land-Use in China
论文作者 崔英淑
论文导师 胡林；崔建宇,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 公共管理
论文单位 中国农业大学,点击次数 184,论文页数 50页File Size3015k
2005-01-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_11083922/ 高尔夫球场;环境保护;土地利用;政策
golf course; environmental protection;land-use; policy
我国现代高尔夫球运动己走过了20年的历程。关于高尔夫球场对环境的影响、水资源的消耗、土地资源利用等问题成为环保人士、公众、媒体关注的焦点。围绕这些问题存在很多争论。争论的存在将住一定程度上影响政策的制定,影响高尔夫产业的发展。这要求我们应该进行研究,寻求这些问题的答案。鉴于此,本文通过资料收集、文献调研、实地考察和逻辑分析的方法,对我国高尔夫球场的环境影响和土地利用现状进行了初步分析,比较研究了我国与国外高尔夫球场环境保护及土地利用相关的政策法规,提出了引导我国高尔夫球场建设利管理健康发展的部分政策建议,以期促使高尔夫球场建设和运营与环境保护、土地合理利用相协调。本文主要结论如下:1、 科学研究表明,在合理的养护管理条件下,高尔夫球场的建设利运营不会对环境造成明显的不利影响。而且在很多情况下,高尔夫球场的建设往往会推动环境质量改善。但这需要政府部门、管理机构、环境组织、高尔夫球场本身的共同努力。2、 调查研究表明,我国已建成的高尔夫球场大部分建在河滩地、海滩地、荒坡、荒山、荒地和绿化带上。根据高尔夫球运动自身的特点,高尔夫球场的建设用地并不必须占用耕地。相反,住一些地形起伏的山地、荒地利低质地上更容易建成好的高尔夫球场。3、 在高尔夫球场环境保护政策方面,与发达国家相比,我国的政策法规还不够健全,相关政策不配套。如现在的环境影响评价制度没有得到很好的贯彻农药与化肥的施用缺乏监督。4、 在高尔夫球场土地利用政策方面,与发达国家相比,我国现行的士地利用政策法规也不配套。而研究表明,发达国家针对高尔夫球场所设立的配套政策是行之有效的。我国现行的针对高尔夫球场的很多政策模式是“一刀切”式的,其科学性和针对性有待提高。目前,我国农用地分等定级工作尚未完成,不能为高尔夫球场建设选址的政策制定提供有效的技术支持,与发达国家存在较大差距。政策建议:在高尔夫球场环境保护政策方面,要把环境影响评价作为球场建设和运营过程中污染防治的重要手段,健全针对生态环境保护、水资源使用、农药化肥合理使用及定期监测等相关政策。在高尔夫球场土地利用政策方面,要加快推进我国土地分等定级的工作,制定针对高尔夫球场建设的配套政策法规,健全土地利用的相关法规。
The modern golf industry in China is now 20 years old. During this time, however, the concerns of golf course such as the impact on environment, the consumption of water and the usage of the land are becoming the focus of the environmentalists, public and media. There are severe controversies tit for tat. These arguments will somehow embarrass the policy-making and the development of the golf industry in China. Obviously, more investigations are needed for the solutions of these problems.Based on data collection, analyses, literature review and on-the-spot inspection, the investigation of the actuality of the environmental impact and the land-use of golf course in China, the comparisons of the policies in and out of China on the environmental protection and land-use of golf course are made in this article. It also puts forward some policy recommendations of guiding the development of construction and management on golf courses to enhance the harmony of golf development, environmental protection and proper land-use in China.THE MAIN CONCLUSIONS:1. Most scientific researches indicated that, under the condition of a proper maintenance and management, the construction and operation of the golf course will not results obvious negative impacts on the environment. In most cases, the construction of the golf course will improve the environment quality, which, however, needs the joint efforts of the government, the management agencies, the environmentalists and the golf industry itself.2. The survey on land-use showed that most of the already-built golf courses in China were constructed on the area close to river, seashore, barren mountain areas,- barren field and urban landscaping belts for buildings separation. The particularity of golf itself determines that the site for golf course construction does not need to engross the agricultural lands. On contraries, some hilly land, barren land and low-quality field may be better site choices of golf course construction.3.Compared with the developed countries, the regulations and policies on environmental protection of golf course are fragmentary in China, and the related policies do not match well. For example, the regulation of environmental impact assessment is not carried out well, and the application of pesticide and chemical fertilizer is lack of monitoring.4.On the aspect of the land-use policies for golf course, the relevant regulations and laws do not match well in China two. The laws and regulations on land-use for golf course construction in China nowadays are cagily and restrictive in China, often unreasonable and inflexible. The classification of land for agriculture value in China has not been completed yet, thus little technical support is available to constitute the policy about how to make the suitable site choice for golf course. China has a long way to go to catch up with the developed countries.POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS:On the aspect of environmental protection policies for golf course construction and maintenance, the rule of the environment impact assessment should be carried out more adequately, and it should beregarded as the most important way of the pollution control for golf course construction and operation. The related policies, such as protection of natural ecological system, restriction of water resources consumption, proper use of pesticide and chemical fertilizer, regular environmental monitoring should be constructed and brought in effect as well.As for the golf course land-use policies, China needs to speed the classification of land for agriculture value, which is helpful for golf course site selection. More related laws and regulations should be made to prevent the agricultural land loss from golf course development, to restrict the excess land-use for golf course construction and to make a difference between the land-use of golf course development and the relevant real estate development.
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