论文标题:现实的人：历史发展的动力
Man in Reality: The Dynamics of Historical Development
论文作者 庄严
论文导师 张奎良,论文学位 博士,论文专业 马克思主义哲学
论文单位 黑龙江大学,点击次数 239,论文页数 246页File Size9808k
2004-05-26论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_11567147/ 历史;历史的动力;现实的人;实践
History; Motivity of history; Realistic human being; Practice
对历史动力的理解，是与人们对历史的理解密切地联系在一起的。可以说，人们对历史的理解不同，也就会形成对历史动力问题的不同阐释。自维柯到德国古典哲学家，他们对历史动力问题的阐述逐步揭示出人及其活动在历史发展进程中的童要作用，但真正从现实的人出发去阐释人类历史发展动力问题的人却是马克思。马克思通过对古典政治经济学和德国古典哲学的双重批判，确立了从人本质及其存在方式出发对历史动力问题的形而上学的阐释。但马克思并没有停留在形而上学的思辨领域，而是通过对资本主义社会和早期人类社会现实的分析，形成了社会基本矛盾运动和两种生产理论。从而形成了马克思对人类历史发展动力问题的多层次、多种形式的阐释。在其中，对历史动力问题的形而上学的阐释是核心，而后社会基本矛盾运动和两种生产理论则是马克思转向政治经济学批判和人类学批判的逻辑结果。但无论是在马克思的哪一种阐释中，现实的人及其活动，始终是马克思立论的核心。正是从现实的人出发我们才能看到，在马克思所理解的未来社会中，人自身的生产必将再次成为历史发展的根本推动力。只不过此时人自身的生产已经不再是原始状态下人的生命个体的生产和中群的扩大，而是使人成为一个真正的自我创造、自我生成的实践主体再生产出来。这对于理解当前及未来人类社会的发展具有深刻的历史意义。
The understanding to the historical motivity is closely linked with the people"s understanding to history. We can say the different understandings to history bring on different explanations to the historical motivity problem. From Vico to German classical philosophers, their explanations to the historical power progressively reveal the importance of human beings and their activities in historical development. However, it is Marx who actually interprets human history motivity from the angle of human historical development motivity problem. Through the double criticism to classical political economy and German classical philosophy, Marx establishes the metaphysical interpretation of history motivity problems. However, Marx"s study goes beyond the metaphysics speculative field of the historical motivity problem. He makes the theory of social basic contradiction movement and two kinds of production, thereby formed the multi-level, diversified forms of explanation that Marx developed to the motivity problem of human historical development. Among them, the metaphysical explanation to the historical motivity problem is a core, and then the theory of social basic contradiction movement and two kinds of production is the logic result that Marx"turned to political economy criticism and that of anthropology. Nevertheless, in any Marx"s explanation, realistic human being and his activity is the core that Marx sets forth his views all the while. The study starting with realistic human being makes us realize that, in the future society that Marx perceives, people"s own production will become the basic motivity of historical development again. People"s own production has outgrown the individual production and the enlargements of middle groups under primitive condition at this moment, and has made people become a real subject that can self-create and self-produce, and then reproduce. It has profound historical significance for understanding the present human society development
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