论文标题:朱子与文献整理
Chu His"s Study on Ancient Chinese Books
论文作者
论文导师 朱杰人,论文学位 博士,论文专业 中国古典文献学
论文单位 华东师范大学,点击次数 110,论文页数 286页File Size16843K
2006-08-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_117247507/
Chu His; Study on the ancient Chinese books; Chu His"s thoughts about study on the ancient Chinese books; Chu His"s practice of study on the ancient Chinese books
朱子是中国文献史上承前启后的文献整理家。他远绍春秋圣人孔子，近取当代文献诸贤，下启清代朴学之门。朱子一生的文献整理活动及其文献学思想表明，其文献整理是朱子理学及其学术的基础与前提。本文从朱子文献整理之成就、文献整理思想及文献整理实践三个方面，对于朱子文献整理作对初步探索。 朱子文献整理的主要成就在“约六经之旨而随时撰述”，整理的各类文献达六十部。朱子文献整理成就的取得与其家学渊源、宋代文献之学的兴盛，及朱子一生经典文献的阅读与研究关系密切。五十馀年的文献整理生涯可分四个阶段：绍兴十五年(1145)至隆兴元年(1163)起步摸索期；隆兴二年(1164)至乾道九年(1173)日臻成熟期；淳熙元年(1174)至淳熙十六年(1189)辉煌顶峰期；绍熙元年(1190)至庆元六年(1200)转变总结期。早期整理四书及理学四子著作初步建立了儒学文献的知识文本，朱子六十岁正式序定《学庸章句》，既是朱子终身孜孜以求大学之道、中庸之旨的一个终结，也标志朱子文献整理尤其是四书文献整理的一个新的高度。四个阶段中文献整理各有侧重，而理学文献的整理贯穿始终。 朱子认为，经籍文献本身就是圣人实践操履的记录，其作用在于传承延续义理。朱子不仅重视儒家经典文献，而且重视当代文献散失情况，尤其是口语文献。朱子文献整理思想集中体现在三个方面：以发明义理为宗旨；为理学的传播教育建立文本；以重义理而不废训诂、考据为原则。朱子的文献整理具体包括训释、编纂、校勘、考据、辨伪、版本等几个方面。本文重在训释、编纂、校勘、考据四个方面而略辨伪、版本等。朱子论述了文献训释的价值方法，在训释文献上最大的贡献是融汉唐章句训诂之学和宋儒诸家新注，开创了文献训释中训诂义理并重的局面。朱子论编纂的原则：一不以朋友之私害是非之公(公正客观的原则)；二以理学为准而关注实际的原则关注实际的原则；三以类相从(严格类例的原则)。朱子论校勘的原则有重条例、辨是非；合众本、注异同；不轻改、存旧文等。朱子论考据的两个重要方面是义理与旁证：“一则以义理之所当否而知之，二则以其左验之异同而质之。”朱子的考据方法“参考互证、脚踏实地、动有依据、把
Chu His is a great master in the history of ancient Chinese books study who serves as a link between past and future. He inherits the findings of Confucius and absorbs the findings of his days, His studies on ancient Chinese books was carried on by the researchers in Qing Dynasty. The forming of "Guo Xue" and "Jiao Chou Xue" is closely related with Chu His. The study on ancient Chinese books before Chu His was in an unconscious state. It is Chu His"s findings and thoughts that initiate a new stage in the history of ancient Chinese books study.Chu His"s main findings on ancient Chinese book study lies in summarizing the main ideas of Six Books and systematizing the Six Books according to the requirements of different times. Chu His systematizes about sixty books in his life time, his theory of New Confucianism is based on his work of systematizing the ancient Chinese books. His achievements on systematizing the ancient Chinese books, on the one hand benefit from his family education ,one the other hand is due to the prosperity of the study on the ancient Chinese books in Song Dynasty, however, the most important reason is that he read a great number of ancient Chinese books intensively. Chu His"s career in systematizing ancient Chinese books can be divided into four stages. On the first stage he systematizes Four Books and the works of Zhou"s ,Zhang"s and Cheng brothers", by doing these work he compiled new editions of Four Books and other ancient Chinese books with his interpretation on those books. Chu His finishes systematizing "The Great Learning and The Doctrine of the Mean" when he was sixty years old., it symbolizes that Chu His"s study on the ancient Chinese books, especially on Four Books has reached a new height, it is also the ending of his persisting on the moral of The Great Learning and The Doctrine of the Mean.From Chu His point of view, ancient books records the behaviors of the great men in ancient China, and the function of these books is carrying on the ideas of the great men. Chu His not only thinks highly of the books of Confucianism, but also pays his attention to the books of other scholars .He attaches importance to the spreading and disappearance of both written forms and spoken forms of the ancient books. Chu His"s understandings on systematizing the ancient books focus on the following three aspects: firstly, the purpose of his study is setting up New Confucianism, secondly, his study aims at education about New Confucianism, thirdly, the principle of his study is emphasizing New Confucianism, not giving up explanations of words in ancient books and textual research. Chu His"s study on the ancient books consists of explaining of words in ancient books, compiling and collating the ancient books, textual research, identifying the true books, cutting and printing books, recognizing the edition of the books. In this thesis the author focuses his study on Chu His"s explaining of words in ancient books, compiling and collating the ancient books and textual research on ancient books, and pays less attention to Chu His"s study on identifying the true books, cutting and printing books, recognizing the edition of the books. Chu His not only discusses the value and the methods of explaining words in ancient books but also points out the shortcomings of explaining words in ancient
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