论文标题:隐藏在“标语”背后的世界
A Study on the Cultural Message Revealed in the Slogans
论文作者 翟楠
论文导师 刘旭东,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 教育学原理
论文单位 西北师范大学,点击次数 114,论文页数 64页File Size8739k
2005-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_134584862/ 标语;学校文化;知识考古学;文化哲学
slogan; school culture; archaeology of knowledge; cultural philosophy
学校文化既是指师生在共同生活空间中形成的共同价值观和精神风貌,也表现为一些实实在在的物质和制度的存在物。而标语就是这样一种存在物,是学校文化的浓缩与反映。在深受理性主义及工业化思潮影响和冲击的现代学校中,标语被形式化了,其“身上”鲜有文化的痕迹,而是更多地表现为千篇一律的口号和强求一律的要求,进而对处于学校场景中的人(教师和学生)的言行和思想观念产生了诸多负面的影响,标语成了一种控制人的工具。那么,它是怎样进入学校、成为一种学校知识的?又是如何发挥作用的?通过尝试一种福柯式的“知识考古学”方法,对这一问题的理解或许会有一种不同以往的视角。通过这种分析发现,学校中的标语并不仅仅是我们所看到的几个字那样简单。一个标语就是一种知识、一种话语,连接着其它更多的话语,而话语总是跟权力联结在一起的,标语从而具有了某种“力量”。当它与人(主要是学生)遭遇时,其间的关系是复杂而微妙的:或顺从、或悬置,或内化、或抵制,或在顺从中抵制、在抵制中不知不觉地内化。 标语本是学校文化的展现物,它应该具有文化的内涵和特性,即体现人的特性、为了人的发展,而不是作为物来控制人。从文化哲学的角度讲,人的完善是自身的目的;在学校文化中,学生的成长与发展就是教育的目的,不应该有任何其它事物凌驾于这一目的之上而存在。标语本身并没有错,只是它不应该被作为控制人的工具;工业化思潮和理性主义也并非洪水猛兽,需要摒弃,只是它们不应该成为霸权的存在,使万物只有一种颜色。世界是丰富多彩的,人的生活也应该丰富多彩,学校教育就不应该只有一种模式,否则,教育就会走向反面。 基于以上思考,我们认为学校文化必需重建。学校文化必须要能体现文化的特质,即创新。文化是一个复杂的多面体,不同的人对文化有不同的解读,多元文化、多元话语是合理的,这也是创新产生的前提。因而,学校文化、创新、人的发展应该是同一的。
School culture refers to not only the common values and spiritual features forming in the common living space of teachers and students, but some true materials and pertinent systems. Slogans are just such things - the epitome reflects school culture. In the modern schools greatly impinged by the rational doctrine and the ideological trend of industrialization, unfortunately, slogans have been formalized with few culture signs. Such stereotyped slogans are more expressed as imperative demands, and further become a tool to control people, producing a great deal of negative influence upon people"s (teachers" and students") behaviors and thoughts. Then, how did it enter school and become a kind of school knowledge? How does it function? By means of Foucault"s "archaeology of knowledge", this thesis will probe into the above problems from a different perspective. Through the analysis, we find school"s slogan is not so simple as we see. A slogan is a kind of knowledge, a kind of discourse related to many other discourses. However, discourse is always closely associated with power, thus endowing slogans with certain "strength". When it meets people (students mainly), the relation between them is complicated and delicate: obedience or ignorance; internalization or resistance; obedience with resistance or unconscious internalization with resistance.As representative of school culture, slogans should transmit connotation and characteristic of culture, namely reflect people"s character, aid people"s development, but not control people as a thing. In the light of cultural philosophy, people"s perfection is their own purposes; therefore, in school culture, students" growth and development are the purpose of education, without anything else beyond it. There is no fault in slogan itself; just it shouldn"t be used as a tool to control people. The rational doctrine and the industrialized ideological trend are not the dreadful monsters to be discarded as long as they have no hegemony to make everything monolithic. As people"s life should be various in such a colorful world, there should not be only one kind of education mode in schools, otherwise, education will slide to the opposite.Based on the above, we think school culture should be reconstructed. It should embody the creative features of culture. Culture is such a complicate polytope so that people understand it differently. Pluralistic culture and discourse are reasonable and also the premium for creativity. Therefore, school culture, creativity and man"s development should be synonymous.
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