论文标题:我国公办高等教育资源配置的现状分析及其优化方略
Improving Method and Situation Analyze on Allocation of Resource of Chinese Public-colleges
论文作者 胡伟
论文导师 王集权,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 高等教育学
论文单位 河海大学,点击次数 29,论文页数 47页File Size2314k
2004-03-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_148215597/ 高等教育;资源配置;优化;方略
higher education;allocation of resource;improving;method
在现代经济中资源配置方式主要有计划和市场两种方式。私人产品应当采用市场配置，公共产品则需要政府提供。准公共产品既需要市场调节又需要政府干预。高等教育产品属于准公共产品，高等教育资源配置应当为市场调节与政府调控相结合的方式。当今世界各国高等教育资源配置方式正朝微观上市场调节、宏观上政府干预的方向转变。随着社会主义市场经济体制的确立，我国公办高等教育资源配置上的行政计划方式越来越不适应我国高等教育发展的需要，必须改革。 资源配置方式是由一系列制度构成的，高等教育产权结构、管理、办学、投资、招生与就业体制是高等教育资源配置方式发挥作用的制度支持系统。由行政计划向市场与国家干预相结合的高等教育资源配置方式转变，必须在制度系统做出改革。我国公办高等教育资源配置不合理、投入不足、效率低下的根本原因是高等教育资源行政计划配置方式与社会主义市场经济体制的不协调。因此，引入市场机制，确立高等学校面向市场的办学自主权，使高校成为自主办学、自我发展、自我约束、自我完善的法人主体是高等教育改革必由之路。应进一步转变教育主管部门职能，教育主管部门应成为教育市场的“守夜人”，维护正常的教育市场秩序，规范教育市场主体的竞争行为，培育教育市场的诚信理念和职业道德。应明晰高等教育产权，建立多元化的公办高等教育产权实现形式。进一步放权，确立高等学校的自主管理权；推进办学形式多样化，开展多种主体的办学体制探索；充分调动社会各方面的办学积极性，实现高等教育投资主体多元化：在招生就业上进一步与劳动力市场接轨。
There are two main methods of resource allocation: one is plan and the other is market. According to principle of economic efficiency, the allocation of private product should be adapted to market and government should supply that of public product. For quasi-public product, it needs not only market but government control and it also needs take the measure of financial subsidization, integration tactics and transference of title to property to make the externality of product internalization in order to achieve efficiency goal.Higher education, especially for modern universities, takes on many-sided functions and supply multilevel services for nation, society and privates. It is inescapable duty for government to provide academic service. Which, consequently public-productivity, benefit the whole nation and society. The other part of higher education product, which includes teaching, work training and commercial research, should be provided by market. But owning to externality of product higher education should be subsidized by stale, society and enterprises.The funds source of Chinese higher education stem unitary and insufficient at present. But on the other hand it is managed chaos, inefficient and wasteful. The pressure of market economy system reform and higher education globalization after entering WTO makes Chinese education have to enhance resource utilization ratio.Market competition mechanism should be introduced into Chinese higher education in three level, that is, macroscopic view-whole higher education"s funds taking proportion in whole nation resources; middlescopic view-higher education resource"s allocation in different level colleges; microscopic view-education fund"s allocation in a college.Optimization of higher education resource"s allocation demands innovations. The method of resource allocation of higher education ought to combine market and government control. Public colleges" property right should be multi-element and management right should be separate from property right.
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