论文标题:甘露寡糖、抗菌肽在肉用番鸭生产中的应用研究
Application of Mannose-oligosaccharides and Antimicrobial Peptides in Meat Muscovy Production
论文作者
论文导师 陈国宏；王光瑛,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 农业推广
论文单位 扬州大学,点击次数 490,论文页数 35页File Size1850K
2006-10-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_1730202/
Meat Muscovy Duck ; Production Performance ; Mannanoligosaccharides (MOS); Antimicrobial Peptides
甘露寡糖和抗菌肽是新型的饲料添加剂，都具有替代抗生素的潜在优势。本研究通过饲养试验和实验室测定分析，比较了两种添加剂对肉用番鸭生产性能、免疫水平以及肠道菌群数量的影响，以观察它们在肉用番鸭饲粮中替代抗生素的效果，从而比较各自的替代优势，并在此基础上探讨两者之间联合使用的可行性。 选择同批出雏、健康、体重相近的白羽番鸭母雏600只，随机分为5个实验组，每个实验组设4个重复，每重复30只。1组为空白对照组，不添加任何抗生素及其他添加剂；2组为抗生素组对照组，添加金霉素50mg／kg；第3组为甘露寡糖组(1g／kg)；第4组为抗菌肽组(7ml／kg)；第5组为甘露寡糖1g／kg+抗菌肽7ml／kg。实验期56天，试验鸭在试验开始前(0日龄)和试验结束时(56日龄)，于早晨饲喂加料前进行一次空腹称重，并分别计算全期增重。每周称测一次各重复组的饲料量，统计分析各组成活率、采食量、饲料转化率、生长速度和料肉比。15日龄接种禽流感疫苗，28日龄接种鸭瘟疫苗。28日龄从每个重复中随机抽取8只试验鸭翅静脉采血，进行试验鸭禽流感抗体水平检测。56日龄处死试验鸭迅速解剖，分离左侧盲肠，并取盲肠内容物测定大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌数。试验结果表明： 1．试验全程的成活率，第1组最低；第4组和第5组最高，与空白对照组差异显著(P＜0.05)，与其他各组差异不显著(P＞0.05)。 2．两种抗生素替代添加剂，无论单独使用还是联合使用，增重效果都很明显。从试验全期来看，第5组增重效果最好，平均增重均高于其他各组，其中与第1、2组差异达极显著水平(P＜0.01)，与第3组、第4组差异达到显著水平(P＜0.05)。而第4组增重仅次于第3组，其中与空白对照组1组和抗生素对照组2组差异达到显著水平(P＜0.05)。 3．全期料肉比：第5组效果最好，均低于其他各组，与第1组差异极显著(P＜0.01)，与其他各组的差异显著(P＜0.05)；其次为第3组。而空白对照组1组料肉比明显高于其他各组，且差异均达到显著水平(P＜0.05)。 4．禽流感抗体水平：试验4组的抗体水平最低，试验2组的抗体水平高于其他各组，但各试验组之间差异不显著(P＞0.05)。 5．抗菌肽可明显降低肠道中的大肠杆菌数量，与空白对照组差异极显著(P＜0.01)；甘露寡糖组盲肠内容物中大肠杆菌数极显著少于空白对照组(P＜0.01)，乳酸杆菌数极显著多于空白对照组(P＜0.01)，可见甘露寡糖能抑制肠道内的大肠杆菌的繁殖和生长，并同时促进乳酸杆菌的繁殖和生长，使肠道菌群更利于肉用番鸭的生长。 6．甘露寡糖与抗菌肽联合使用的效果无论是生产性能、肠道菌群和生化指标，都比单独使用效果好。
Mannanoligosaccharides(MOS) and Antimicrobial Peptides are novel feedadditives up to date. They are all potential substitutes of the common antibiotics. Effectsof MOS and Antimicrobial Peptides on the meat muscovy duck performance, intestinalbacterial colonies and several blood indexes were determined and compared in order todetermine effectiveness of these two additives as substitutes of antibiotics. 600 muscovy female ducks of 1-day old were randomly assigned to 5 groups, with4 replications each group, 30 ducks each replication. Group 1 was provided with basaldiet without any antibiotics; Group 2 was provided with one kind of antibiotics+aureomycin 50mg/kg; Group 3 was provided with MOS (1g/kg);Group 4 was providedwith antimicrobial peptides (7ml/kg);Group 5 was provided with MOS (1g/kg)+antimicrobial peptides (7ml/kg); All ducks were fed their respective diets from 1-day to56-day. Body weight was recorded at 1-day and 56-day.All ducks were individuallyilnmuned with Avian Influenza and Duck Plague bacterin at 15-day and 28-day.And theantibody level of the Avian Influenza virus was determined at 28-day. At 56-day, twobirds of each replication were selected to phlebotomize. And after that, the birds wereslaughtered, the escherichia coli and bifidobacterium concentration of the appendicescontent were determined in the laboratory. The results were as follows: 1. During the whole experiment period, group 1 has the lowest survival rate whilegroup 4 and group 5 has the highest. Compared with Group 1, group 4 and 5 hassignificant improvements on survival rate (P＜0.05). And they has no significant improvements on survival rate than others (P＞0.05). 2. These two kinds of additives can promote the weight growth, solely or associatewith each other. Compared with Group 1 and Group 2, Group 5 had a significantimprovement on average body weight (P＜0.01). And group 5 also has a higher averagebody weight than other groups. 3. Group 5 has lowest feed efficiency than other groups and different extremelybetween Group 5 and Group 1 (P＜0.01). Group 5 also has a significanct improvementon feed efficiency than other groups (P＜0.05). Group 3 has a lower feed efficiency thangroup 1, 2 and 4. The feed efficiency of Group 1 is higher than other Groups and has asignificant difference (P＜0.05). 4. Group 4 has the lowest antibody level of the Avian Influenza virus, and group 2has the highest antibody level of the Avian Influenza virus, but there are no significanctdifference between groups. 5. Antimicrobial peptide and MOS can decrease the escherichia coli in theintestines, with significant difference with Group 1 (P＜0.01);MOS can also increase thelactobacillus in the intestines (P＜0.01). So it can be concluded that the MOS can helpthe duck regulate its intestinal bacterial colonies by decrease the harmful flora andincrease the wholesome flora. 6. Both the compatibility use of MOS and antimicrobial peptide had a goodperformance in the performance trait, intestinal bacterial colonies and several bloodindexes.
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