论文标题:基于Reason-SHEL Model对海事事故人为因素的分析
The Analysis of Human Elements in Maritime Accidents Based on the Reason-SHEL Model
论文作者
论文导师 刘正江,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 交通信息工程及控制
论文单位 大连海事大学,点击次数 159,论文页数 80页File Size4815K
2007-03-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_187184377/
Human Factors; SHEL(L-L,L-E,L-H,L-S) Model; Reason Model;Reason SHEL Model
以往航海界一直将海上交通安全的研究重点置于船舶建造和设备配置等技术问题上，因而普遍强调通过设备和机器的性能改进来促进安全。从本世纪七十年代起，航运界开始认识到人为失误在海事原因中占有的比例极大，据统计资料表明，世界海事事故80％都是与人为因素有关，所以有必要对人为因素进行研究与探讨。 本文首先对人为因素的概念进行了详尽的分析，接着介绍Reason-SHEL Model理论依据。详细分析IMO推崇的最普遍分析人为因素的模型：霍金斯(Frank Hawkins)的SHEL(Software Hardware Environment Liveware)模型与Dr James Reason的Reason Model。分析了这两种模型的特点之后，受到了Kawano的M-SHEL模型的启发，提出了改良的Reason-SHEL Model，它继承了Reason与SHEL模型的优点，从而更全面系统的分析了事故中的人为因素。 在此基础上，本文对人们熟悉的“大舜”号海上事故进行了详尽的Reason-SHEL模型分析，并用计算机建模技术对此模型的算法进行实现，力求以最小的管理代价对海事事故进行预防。最后依据此模型对中国人民海事局下发《水上交通事故调查报告集》中近年来渤海海域事故人为失误进行综合分析后得出结论。
The area of navigation research was concentrated on the ships" construction, set ordinances etc. in the past, thus it general emphasized on improving the performance of the set and machine to enhance the safety. Human began to aware that the human factors take a large percentage in the maritime accidental cause. According to the statistical materials, over 80 percentages of the worldwide maritime accidents are related to human factors. So it is necessary to research human factors.This thesis analyses the concept of the human factors thoroughly at the beginning , then introduces the principles that Reason-SHEL Model is based on. After carefully analysis of the most common models of both SHEL and Reason Model that IMO proposed, this thesis builds up a new model-Reason-SHEL Model that heritage both Reason and SHEL Model. It can analyze the human factors more thoroughly and systematically.Based on the new model- Reason-SHEL Model, it analyzes the famous accident -"Dashun" ship and then building the computer model of the new model in order to find best solution way to prevent the accidents. After that, it gives an example about the "Bohai" water area accidental analysis based on the model and find the priority solution way.
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