论文标题:侵占罪研究
The Research of Some Continuable Development Theories and Demonstration in Less Developed Regions
论文作者 董应平
论文导师 吕斌,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 法律
论文单位 安徽大学,点击次数 325,论文页数 44页File Size2385k
2004-10-10论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_1908332/ 侵占罪;财产;认定;完善
the crime of embezzlement;property; affirmation; perfection
侵占罪是我国刑法中规定一个新罪名，学者对侵占罪的研究处于起步阶段，对其进行系统性研究并不多，笔者就以下几个方面进行探讨：(1)侵占罪的概述；(2)侵占罪的客体及对象：(3)侵占罪客观方面非法占为己有、数额较大、拒不退还或交出的含义；(4)侵占罪的犯罪主体；(5)侵占罪的主观方面；(6)侵占罪的处罚；(7)侵占罪诉讼形式；(8)侵占罪的立法完善等问题。上述问题的解决对科学指导刑事司法活动有重要的实践指导意义。 第一部分是对侵占罪概述，侵占罪的社会危害性是对特定的被害人的财产的侵犯，更为严重的是侵占者引起的普遍的信任危机而破坏商品经济秩序。各国对侵占罪的概念表述不一，我国刑法侵占罪有两种，一是普通侵占罪，二是业务侵占罪。本文仅就普通侵占罪作一论述。 第二部分论述侵占罪的客体与对象。侵占罪的客体是公私财物所有权，而不只限于公民私人财物所有权。这种认识符合立法宗旨，有相关法律和司法解释的规定。侵占罪客体的认定不能笼统地谈财产所有权，侵犯其中一项或数项权能并不意味着有侵占行为的发生，只有侵犯所有权中的返还请求权才能达到刑事侵权的程度。侵占罪的犯罪对象是侵占行为所直接指向的由侵占者业已持有的他人之物，包括不特定物、种类物、无形物、限制流通物、非法财物、遗忘物、埋藏物。 第三部分论述侵占罪的客观特征方面的几个问题，数额较大是侵占罪的一个必备要件。数额的认定应以行为人实际侵占的数额为标准，犯罪数额以告诉的被侵占的财产数额来计算，并可以累计计算；拒不交出或拒不归还的认定则需符合：1、拒不交出或拒不归还的前提权权利人的请求；2、拒不退还拒不交出行为的主体是侵占行为人，即接受请求的对象；3、拒不退还、拒不交出是能为而不为，拒不退还的形式可以是明示的方法，亦可是默示的方法；4、拒不退还或拒不交出的时间界限是人民法院立案之时。 第四部分作者对侵占罪的主体作了分析，认为侵占罪的主体不属于身份犯，其是一般主体，单位作为侵占罪主体无法律依据，现实生活单位侵占他人则‘物案件存在。 第五部分着重阐述了侵占罪主观方面非法占为己有的含义，认为非法占为己有既是客观要素也是主观要素、非法占为己有不包括为第三人占有，非法占有这一故意产生于财产交付之后或同时。 第六部分是侵占罪的定罪与处罚:提出侵占罪与相关罪种区分及处罚中应注意的问题。 第七部分论述了侵占罪的诉讼制度，侵占罪诉讼形式是自诉形式，人民检察院代为告诉仍为自诉，告诉的对象是司法机关。那些被侵占财产数额达到较大的被害人，享有完全的诉权，而对于那些被侵占的财产未及数额较大的被害人亦享有诉权，但其诉权的行使须与其他的被害人一起行使，其享有的诉权并不完整。 第八部分作者对侵占罪的不足进行了分析，认为侵占罪罪种的划分、单位侵占、代为保管他人财物的含义、拒不退还或交出的认定、侵占罪的告诉制度等方面尚待完善，并提出建议。关键词:侵占罪财产认定完善
It is to stipulate a new charge in the criminal law of our country in the crime of embezzlement, the scholars are at the starting stage in this research, and research it systemic actually few. I carry on discussion in following several respects (1) the essentials of the crime of embezzlement, (2) the object and the target of the crime of embezzlement, (3) the objective respect of the crime of embezzlement, "illegally ownership", the greater number, refuse to return"s meaning, (4) the subject of the crime of embezzlement, (5) the subjective respect of the crime of embezzlement, (6) the punishment of the crime of embezzlement, (7) the forms of sue of embezzlement, (8)the deficiency and perfection of embezzlement. The settlement of above-mentioned problems instructs the criminal judicial activity to have important practice directive significance to science.The first part is the essentials of the crime of embezzlement. The social harmfulness of the crime of embezzlement is the infringement of specific injured party"s property right, it is that persons who occupy cause the general trust crisis then destroy the commodity economy order to be serious even more; the concept of embezzlement have different to state in various countries. The essential characteristic of the crime the theory of our country states all kinds of statements to the crime of embezzlement concept in criminal law. There are two kinds of in the criminal law of our country, one is the crime of embezzlement and one is the crime of business embezzlement, the text is only talking about the crime of embezzlement.The second part is the object and the target of the crime of embezzlement. It is the ownership of the property public and private to the object of the embezzlement, and is not merely limited to citizen"s ownership of private property, though this kind of understanding accords with the legislative aim, there are relevant laws and regulations of judicial explanation, this kind of understandingdoes not violate the legal principle of crime and punishment yet. The target of the Crime of Embezzlement thing including unspecific thing, kind thing, invisible thing, restriction thing, forgetting thing, illegal property.The third part is the objective characteristics of embezzlement. In this part discuss two questions.l.The greater number is the indispensable essential of the crime of Embezzlement .the number of the crime of Embezzlement is the number of the property which the actor occupied .the number of the Crime of Embezzlement calculate with the property number occupied, which had been told and can calculate totally.2.the affirm of "refuse to hand over or refuse to return": 1) the prerequisite of refusing to be handed over or refusing to be returned is the owners request 2) The subject of refusing to hand over or refusing to return is the occupy actors, 3) the form of refuse to return or refuse to hand over can be a method to show clearly or it can a tacit declaration method.4) the time demarcation line refusing to be returned or refusing to be handed over is placed on file by the people"s court.The fourth part is talking about the subject of the embezzlement. The subject of the crime of embezzlement is not an identity subject but a general subject. The unit as the subject of the crime of embezzlement have no basis in law, but the case exists in actual life which the unit occupied others property.The fifth part Have explained emphatically that occupies the subjective respect of the crime, "illegally ownership " is a subjective key element also a objective key element, the meaning of "illegally ownership" isn"t including occupying for the third person, the purpose of "illegally ownership" is produced when the property are occupied.The sixth part is affirmation and punishment of embezzlement. The differentiation between the crime of embezzlement and relevant crime should notice in punishmentThe seventh part expounded the forms of sue of the crime of embezzlement, it is a private prosecution form, and it is still a case of private prosecution that the people"s
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