论文标题:中国经济转型期城镇贫困问题研究
Research on the Urban Poverty Problems in the Economic Transforming Period of China
论文作者 徐充
论文导师 潘石,论文学位 博士,论文专业 政治经济学
论文单位 吉林大学,点击次数 31,论文页数 204页File Size1012k
2005-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_195711877/ 转型期; 城镇贫困; 战略对策
transition period;urban poverty; strategic and countermeasures
本文的研究对象是中国转型期城镇贫困问题。论文主要运用实证分析与规范分析相结合、定性分析与定量分析相统一的研究方法,对我国经济转型期城镇贫困问题进行了系统分析。首先,在界定贫困问题的基本范畴基础上,对马克思主义贫困理论及西方经济学贫困理论进行了述评,并提出我国城镇贫困的界定标准及具体内涵。其次,对我国经济转型期城镇贫困现状进行了全面透视,分析了现阶段城镇贫困群体的结构、分布、规模和特征,阐述了城镇贫困群体的生活状况,指出了城镇贫困的负面影响,并深刻分析了中国转型期城镇贫困产生并扩大的经济、社会及个人家庭因素。再次,指出我国城镇反贫困的治理难点,并通过对一些国家的反贫困经验借鉴,具体论述了应如何构建我国城镇反贫困战略与对策体系,提出我国城镇反贫困要实现理论创新、制度创新。
Poverty is a global problem, thus anti-poverty is a great subject which all the countries in the world are confronted with nowadays. China is regarded as a part of anti-poverty power of the world. With careful and hard work, China has obtained great achievements which attract worldwide attention over the past more than 40 years, especially since the eighties of 20th century. The population below the poverty line is sharply reduced to about 29 million in 2003 from more than 250 million in 1978. Especially in dispelling rural poverty, China has set an example for the world, especially for the developing countries which have large amount of population below the poverty line. This gained the high evaluation for China from the international community. However, we should notice that, with the gradually deepening of economic system reform, the factors of production, such as fund, technology, and personnel, etc. had been restructuring. Laid-off and unemployed people had been increasing rapidly which give pressure on employment and made the reemployment rate drop continuously. Regarding poor workers, laid-off and unemployed people and some countryside floating population as the subject, the urban neo-poverty colony is taking shape. So alleviating and suppressing the rapidly prominent urban poverty problem are extremely urgent. Just under such a background, this article carries on comparatively systematic analysis and research on our country"s "poverty problem of cities and towns". It mainly discusses on the explanation of the poverty theories, on the perspective of the current situation of poverty, on the analysis of the reasons that cause poverty, and on strategic countermeasure of solving the poverty problem, and so on. The article is divided into seven chapters altogether, and the main views and contents are as follows: Chapter one gives an explanation of poverty theories. Regarding the basic categories of poverty as the breakthrough point of studying, the text gives a comparison of the understanding to these basic categories of domestic and international scholars and colleagues. Combining my constant study and exploration for many years, this article makes preliminary definition of the meaning, characteristics, measure standard and type division of poverty. In addition, by analyzing Marx’s poverty theory, anti-poverty ideas of the three generations of Chinese leaders and the poverty theories of the western economists, I realize that poverty is both an economic problem and a social concern as well. Its type includes material poverty, ability poverty, system-caused poverty, structural-caused poverty and comprehensive poverty, etc.. The explanation of the above-mentioned contents in this chapter establishes the theoretical foundation for further systematical study of poverty problem of cities and towns in our country. Chapter two shows the perspective of the current poor situation of cities and towns in the transition period. The former standard for three-no-persons (It refers to the persons with no legal certificate, no normal dwelling and no proper source of income) had already lost itsmeaning because of the transition of the economic system and adjustment of the social structure, especially the appearance of the neo-poverty colony in cities and towns. So this chapter carries on discerning and definition of the poor colony of our country at the beginning. In my opinion, the poor colony of cities and towns is consisted of not only the traditional three-no-persons, the laid-off and unemployed people, the workers of the enterprises that stop production or half stop production, but also of the peasants who go to cities and towns to work but get no economic income and live extremely poorly, and the university students who come from poor families as well. Perspective through the multi-dimension perspective to the poor colony in cities and towns of our country, we can see that the present population below the poverty line has such characteristics. The distribution is wide, the scale is large and there are a lot of families in de
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