论文标题:博物馆展示的生态设计研究
Ergonomically Designed in Museum Showing
论文作者 张浩
论文导师 潘长学,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 艺术设计
论文单位 武汉理工大学,点击次数 377,论文页数 56页File Size3812k
2003-05-10论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_2006872/ 博物馆;生态博物馆;博物馆展示;生态设计;博物馆展示生态设计系统;博物馆展示生态设计
Museum;Ecology Museum;Museum Show;Ergonomically Designed;Museum Show Ergonomically Designed System (MSEDS);Museum Show Ergonomically Designed (MSED)
随着社会和经济的发展，展示设计成为了一门新的学科，博物馆展示设计是现代展示设计的主要领域之一。由于博物馆肩负着解释某个国家和地区文明的起点，是一个国家或地区的“文化基因”，是集收藏、教育、学术研究、国际交流与合作、旅游等功能于一体的场所，因此，博物馆的设计是体现博物馆水平的关键，在博物馆事业中起着重要的作用。与其他类型的展示设计不同，它要求更高的展示设计艺术和技术。 博物馆展示设计与博物馆一样，经历了产生、发展与鼎盛时期，博物馆展示发展到目前的阶段，即“博物馆的世纪”时代，博物馆数量剧增，博物馆类型多种多样，展示设备设计制作的高质量化、高科技介入，全新的生态设计意识，优美的视觉环境，展示的高审美质量，舒适的展示空间，以及施工制作的工业化、现代化、社会化，使得博物馆展示设计进入了新的时代，笔者称这个时期为博物馆展示的生态设计时期。 本次研究通过分析博物馆展示设计的现状与存在问题，提出了博物馆展示的生态设计系统、博物馆展示的生态设计概念和理论。笔者将在博物馆展示活动中，由人(博物馆工作人员、展示设计人员、观众)、展品(文物、标本、辅助展品等)、展示环境(馆容、展示室内环境)看作一个整体，即博物馆展示设计生态系统就是博物馆展示设计与周围环境之间所构成的生态系统，其中由展品、设计师、设计要素(包括灯光、色彩、展品组合造型)、展示环境、展示材料、消费者(未来受众)等组成。博物馆展示的生态设计就是运用生态学原理、美学原理对展品及其辅助设备、展示空间、色彩、灯光、展品组合造型等进行合理地设计，使展品充分展示其文化、艺术、生态内涵，使人舒服、有效地获得知识信息，并且所使用材料有利于环境保护和可持续发展。 博物馆展示设计有以下四个层次的要求，一是展品的展现，这是博物馆展示设计的首要任务，结合展示主题进行展品的选择和布局；二是室内环境创造或室内环境设计，指室内空间独特而合理的安排，包括室内空间计划、室内建材、室内环境设备、室内照明等；三是室内装饰表现，即室内美化，不仅要满足人们视觉审美要求，而且要注重室内空间的意境氛围，它包括室内色彩、图案装饰、纹理等的美化；四是生态意识的体现，包括展品的生态意识、设计中的生态思想等内容的体现。 博物馆展示的生态设计与生态博物馆在某种程度上具有相似性，但又区别于生态博物馆，前者是建筑内的博物馆展示的生态设计，属于生态博物馆事业的范畴，后者更侧重于文化遗产保持原状，保存在所属社区和环境中的动态博物馆。 在博物馆展示的生态设计中，需要遵循博物馆展示设计的艺术原则、博物馆展示设计的人一机功能学原则、博物馆展示设计的整体性原则、协调与平衡原理等。 博物馆展示的生态设计内容包括采光照明生态设计、色彩生态设计、展示空间的生态设计、展品组合造型的生态设计、展示材料的生态设计。笔者论述了各个设计环节的生态设计内容和要求，并结合实例进行了分析。最后，将生态设计理论运用于实际设计工程中，获得了成功的效果。
With the development of society and economy, show design becomes a new faculty, museum show design is one of important modern show design. Because museum is the culture gene of country and district, the start of throwing light on the country and district"s culture, and all function in one location which including hoarding, education, research, travel, international intercourse and cooperate and so on. Museum design is the key to embody museum"s level, plays an important role in museum undertaking. It needs the higher show design art and technology than others show design.The museum show design passed through generation, development and prosperity the same as museum. It develops till now time that is "museum time", in which there are sharp increase in museum number, many kinds of museum, stepping in high quantity of show equipment design and fabrication. And in this time, there are full of high science, new awareness of ergonomically designed, elegancy sight environment, high aesthetic qualities of show, comfortable show space, and industrialization, modernization and socialization of construction and fabrication. All these make the museum show design enters to new time, which writer calls ergonomically designed time in museum show.The research expounded the concept and theory about the museum show ergonomically designed system (MSEDS), museum show ergonomically designed (MSED) through assaying the presence and the problems of museum show design. In the museum show activity, people (including museum workers, show designer, audience), exhibits (including heritage, sample, ancillary exhibits), and show environment (including the space of museum, show indoor environment) are regarded as integration by the author. That is MSEDS. This system is an ecosystem constituted of museum show design and it"s environment, including exhibits, designer, design factors (such as light, color, the pattern of exhibits and fabricate), show environment, show material, consumer (prospective audience) and so on. The MSED is on correctly designing to exhibits, ancillary exhibits, show space, color, light, pattern of exhibits and fabricate and so on with the help of ecology and aesthetics principle, and is in order to show the culture, art, ecology connotation of the exhibits, let audience comfortably and effectively attain knowledge, and use green material that is in favour of environment conservation and sustainable development.The MSED have four layer requires. The first is exhibits show, which is the prime task of the museum show design. Exhibits show is on choice and layout of exhibits integration the show subject. The second is indoor environment creation or indoor environment design, which refer to the specific and suitable arrangement in indoor space, including indoor spaceplan, indoor building material, indoor environmental equipment, indoor light and so on. The third is indoor decorative showing that is indoor beauty, which needs to fulfil the optic aesthetic require of human, besides taking into account the indoor space"s artistic conception such as beautifying indoor color, design decoration, texture etc. The fourth is to embody ecology awareness, including the ecology awareness of exhibits, ecology thinking in designing and so on.To some degree, the MSED is the same as Ecology Museum (EM), but it is different from EM. The MSED is economically designed in architecture, residing to EM undertaking. The EM emphasize keeping culture bequest original preserving in community and environment. It is mobile museum.It needs to go by artistic principle, people-mechanic theorem, integration law and coordination-balance rule and so on in MSED.The content of MSED have light ergonomically designed (LED), color ergonomically designed (CED), show space ergonomically designed (SSED), exhibits and fabricate pattern ergonomically designed (EFPED), show material ergonomically designed (SMED). It discusses ergonomically designed content and require of every step in designing with help of some examples. The engineering subject wi
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