论文标题:试论康德法哲学思想
Research on the Theory and Decision-making Approaches of Venture Capital
论文作者 金新宝
论文导师 温纯如,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 外国哲学
论文单位 安徽大学,点击次数 963,论文页数 41页File Size2244k
2002-05-08论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_2048562/ 独立董事;产生;功能;局限性;适用
independent director;History;Function;Disadvantage;AppIication
康德的法哲学是他的道德形而上学理论的一部分。其法哲学思想的渊源，主要来自古希腊自然法、罗马法和法国启蒙思想家，特别是卢梭和孟德斯鸠。康德的法哲学思想主要见诸晚年所写的《政治权利原则》(1793年)、《永久和平》(1795年)和《法律哲学》(1796-1797年)等书。康德的法哲学建立在其先验唯心主义哲学的基础上，带有严重的调和色彩和折衷性质。概括起来，康德法哲学具有三个特点：首先，他以先天概念来立证法权和国家；其次，他从纯粹实践理性的原理来论证人权、私法权和公法权；最后，他较早提出“法治国家”的理念和“世界公民”、“永久和平”的哲学规划。本文试图勾勒出康德法哲学思想的基本轮廓，以期对很具现实意义的法治中国思想探讨有所裨益。 全文共分五章。第一章阐述了康德法哲学思想渊源，主要是古希腊罗马哲学家(尤其是西塞罗)的自然法哲学思想，古典自然法学派孟德斯鸠独特的自然法理论和三权分立与制约学说和卢梭的激进主义自然法哲学及社会契约论。这些对康德法哲学的权利普遍原则、法治思想、政治自由观的形成具有重要意义。第二章阐述了康德法哲学的理论基础，即先验论、绝对命令、自我立法、意志自律和行为自我负责等道德形而上学主张。第三章阐述了康德自由主义法权哲学，表明康德的法哲学是批判自然法学，同时又是理性法。第四章主要阐述康德权利观的定义、分类、特征和对公法、私法、社会契约论的论述，具体说明作为权利科学的法哲学是从权利角度研究人与人之间的权利与义务的关系，权利是普遍先验意志及国家权利至上性等；第五章阐述了康德法哲学观在政治上的体现，表明康德法哲学是以法治、自由与和平思想为终极目的的哲学。
Kant"s philosophy of law is a part in the system of his metaphysics of morals. His thoughts in this field mainly comes from the ancient western philosophy of natural law and the philosophy of Montosquien and Rousseau, and we can learn the thoughts in his books such as <>(1793) <>(1795) and <>, which were written in his late years. Kant"s philosophy of law is based on his priori spirit philosophy, with the tendency of mean. To sum up, there are three characters of Kant"s law philosophy: First, he used the concept of priori to verify right and state; Second, he used the principle of pury practical reason to analyze human right, private right and state right. Finally, he put forward the idea of ruling by law, world citizen and permanent peace. The article tries to outline the sketch of the main body of the philosophy of right, with the expectation of benefiting the research of ruling by law in China.There are five charpters in this dissertation. Charpter one expounds the source of Kant"s law philosophy, mainly about the theory of natural law of ancient Greece and Rome, Montosquien"s theory of seperation and check of three rights, Rousseau"s theory of the contract of society. These theories played an important role in the forming of Kant"s right philosophy. Charpter two expounds the basis of Kant"s law philosophy, i.e. priori theory, categorical imperitive and the like. Charpter three expounds kant"s philosophy of freedom and right, accounting that his law philosophy is not only natural law, but also reason law. Charpter four discusses the meaning\classification\characters of Kant"s philosophy of right, and the principle of the supremacy of state right, expounding that Kant"s law philosophy primarily deals with the relationship of right and duty from the point of view of right. Charpter five focuses on Kant"s ideas about politics, pointing out that freedom and peace is the supreme object of Kant"s law philosophy.
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