论文标题:我国城市贫困问题研究
The Study of the Urban Poverty Problems in China
论文作者
论文导师 张进铭,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 西方经济学
论文单位 江西财经大学,点击次数 75,论文页数 57页File Size3329K
2006-10-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_206179857/
the urban poverty; antipoverty; countermeasure; social security system
贫困是一个世界性难题，也是人类面临的最严峻的挑战之一。为此，联合国把每年的10月17日确定为“国际消除贫困日”。20世纪90年代以来，由于经济全球化的影响，在市场经济价值观念的引导下，我国经济体制急剧转轨，企业改革也逐步深化，由此在中国城市社会引发了诸多经济和社会问题，加上中国社会保障安全网本身的脆弱和不足，短短几年中，就在城市中迅速形成了以下岗职工和失业人员为主体的庞大的城市贫困群体。由于城市贫困人口相对集中，这样一个庞大的城市贫困群体，从生活、就业、保障等方面都给国家和社会带来沉重的压力，对社会稳定构成巨大威胁。 近年来，我国在实现经济增长和减轻贫困方面都作了积极的努力，并取得了不同的进展。但是，我们应该认识到，城市贫困问题将成为今后困扰中国发展的一个难题，如何缓解贫困，构建一个和谐社会，应该作为我国政府工作的重中之重。 本文共分为五章。 第一章为绪论，介绍了研究的目的与意义，有关城市贫困的一些代表性理论以及研究方法，为下面的研究做铺垫。 第二章为贫困问题的理论阐释，以贫困的基本范畴为研究的切入点，比较国内外学者对这些基本范畴的理解，结合多年来本人不断的学习和探索，对贫困的涵义、类型划分以及测量标准等进行了初步的界定。 第三章分别从收入状况、财产状况、家庭基本消费状况和健康状况四个方面对城市贫困人口的生活现状进行了描述与分析。 第四章为导致城市贫困的原因分析，分别从宏观背景与微观因素两个大的方面对贫困产生的原因进行了分析。通过本章对导致城市贫困的原因分析，不仅有利于我们准确把握城市反贫困所面临的困难和障碍，而且也为政府部门制定正确的扶贫战略、选择切实有效的反贫困措施提供了参考。 第五章为城市反贫困的对策与建议，本章在借鉴世界各国的反贫困经验后，提出了一系列在中国缓解贫困的对策与建议，包括促进就业、完善社会保障体系、增加教育支持、开发城市贫困人口的人力资源等措施。 本文的写作综合运用了比较研究法、实证研究法等多种研究方法，利用经济学的理论知识，并参考了国内外学者对城市贫困问题的有关研究成果、文章，通过独立思考，试图在继承现有城市贫困问题研究成果的基础上，对如何缓解城市贫困问题能有一个突破与创新。
Poverty is an international problem and a big challenge that human is faced with. Therefore October 17th is be determined "International Poverty-Elimination Day" by the United Nations. Since 90s of 20 century, because of the influence of economic globalization and market economic are introduced, the society has had many economic and social problems. In short few years, the city poverty group and unemployment people have appeared, which brings heavy pressure and threat to the country and the society.In recent years, our country has made positive effort in realizing economic increase and alleviating poverty. But we should know that city poverty problem will become a baffling problem that puzzles Chinese development in the future. How to alleviate poverty and found a harmonious society should be the major point in the government work of our country.This thesis is divided into 5 parts.Chapter one includes the research objectives, significance of this paper, some representative poverty theories and the methods, preparing the way for the theoretical research and empirical analysis of the following chapters.Chapter two gives an explanation of poverty theories. Regarding the basic categories of poverty as the breakthrough point of studying, the text gives a comparison of the understanding to these basic categories of domestic and international scholars and colleagues. Combining my constant study and exploration for many years, this article makes preliminary definition of the meaning, measure standard and type division of poverty.The third part describes and analyses the survival features from 4 aspects: incomes, possessions, consumption and healthiness.Chapter four analyses the reasons of city poverty population forming, which is the key chapter of this thesis. It analyses reasons from macroscopic background and microscopic factor. Analyzing the reasons causing poverty in the transition period in this chapter, it is not merely helpful in understanding the difficulties and obstacles in the anti-poverty career, but also provides references for the government to make correct strategy in poverty alleviation and to choose the effective measures as well.Chapter five gives suggestions of alleviating the city poverty problem, these suggestions include promote employment, perfect social security system, increase education support, develop the human resources of urban poor, etc.The thesis adopts many writing ways and refers to articles and the relevant research of domestic and international scholars about the city poverty problem. Through independent thought, the author attempts to have a breakthrough and innovation on the poverty problem.
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