论文标题:中国家族企业制度研究
论文作者
论文导师 林忠,论文学位 博士,论文专业 产业经济学
论文单位 东北财经大学,点击次数 111,论文页数 187页File Size9952K
论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_217125377/
family business;; property rights;; organizational structure;; strategic development
家族企业作为一种经济组织形式，源远流长，久盛不衰。至今依然是国内外广泛存在的企业组织形式。随着我国市场经济的不断发展，家族企业在经济和社会中所起的作用日益显著，整体呈现出规模由小到大、作用由弱变强、发展由慢变快的发展趋势。家族企业已成为我国经济增长、吸纳就业、增加居民收入、促进全面小康社会建设、构建和谐社会的一支最活跃、最有发展潜力的生力军。家族企业制度不仅在家族价值观浓厚的中国占据重要地位，即使是在崇尚个人理性、社会信息传递渠道通达、市场相对规范的欧美发达市场经济国家里，家族经营和家族控制的企业仍然是一种普遍而重要的企业组织形态。在《财富》杂志的前500家大企业中，三分之一由某个家族控制，而它们都是世界上卓有成就的公司。具体就中国个案来看，自改革开放以来，作为推动经济高速发展重要力量的私营企业中的绝大多数都具有鲜明的家族性。这些家族企业经历了由少到多，从传统行业到信息、生物等高新技术领域，从零星、分散的家族小作坊到跨行业、跨地域甚至跨国的大型企业集团的快速发展。它们对中国的劳动就业、社会稳定和经济增长等都具有不可替代的作用。 与事实相悖的是，家族企业在经济学中一般被认为是一种已经被现代公司制度所淘汰的企业组织形态，以致于一提到家族企业，人们常会不期而然地和生产落后、没有效率、裙带关系等种种负面评价联系在一起。如果家族企业制度是一种低效、落后的制度安排，那么，当今中外家族企业的普遍存在便是一种背离经济人“理性选择”假定的现象。虽然，我们不否定家族企业是家族规则与企业规则相互融合的一种经济组织，但家族企业首先是一个在竞争性市场上谋求生存的经营实体，在自由竞争这一“看不见的手”的硬性约束下，家族利益目标的实现必须以企业赢利为前提。如果家族企业制度本身不存在效率基础，那么创业者及其家族的对企业制度选择行为即使是对家族利益而言也是非理性的。但家族企业在我们的经济生活中却如此的广泛存在，存在就是合理的，家族企业存在的合理性和原因又是什么呢? 基于上述认识，本论文尝试着用经济学的理论分析家族企业制度结构的理论逻辑构架。试图用经济学的原理来分析家族企业产生、存在和发展。在全面考察和分析中国家族企业制度历史和现状的基础上，从产权制度、企业治理结构、企业的管理制度对中国家族企业制度的合理路径和模式进行探讨研究，构建中国家族企业制度的路径选择方案。 论文的研究途径共分为六章，由三个部分组成。 第一部分：第一章和第二章，为总论，第一章为导论，介绍研究背景、研究意义、研究的视角、方法、途径、结论以及理论创新和不足。第二章，介绍家族企业的界定、特征和产生的必然性，给出家族企业定义，指出家族企业的特征及家族企业产生的经济学原因，为后面的理论分析奠定基础。 第二部分：第三章、第四章和第五章，为理论部分，第三章对家族企业的产权制度进行分析，阐述企业产权的演进过程，阐述中国的家族企业产权结构的演变过程。给出家族企业继承的定义及关于家族企业产权继承的几个理论模型。第四章对家族企业的治理制度进行分析。给出家族企业的治理结构的特征和含义，阐述建立家族企业治理结构的理论基础，建立中国当代家族企业治理结构框架。第五章对家族企业的管理制度进行分析。给出家族企业创业期、合作期、发展期的特征和策略，指出家族企业管理的优势与弊端。 第三部分：第六章，对中国当代家族企业制度的路径选择进行分析。从家族企业产权制度、治理制度、管理制度的角度对中国家族企业的发展路径、发展策略进行阐述。
As an economic organizational form, family business has been the one having a long history both at home and abroad. With the development of domestic market economy, family business are having more and more significance in economic and social life, changing from small to big in scale, functioning from weak to strong, developing from slow to fast. It has become the most active force with great potential in boosting the economic growth, enlarging the employment, increasing people"s income and building a harmonious society. It not only occupies a high position in traditional China, but also is an important organizational form in enterprise in the more advanced foreign countries that have good information channels and huge market. Of the 500 enterprises listed top in "Fortune", one third of them are controlled by family business and they are all renowned companies in the world. For the case in China, most of the private companies showed a strong family business trend since China launched the open-up policy in 1980s. They had made great contributions to the economic development in China. These family businesses had experienced fast development from small to big in number, from traditional fields to high-tech fields as information and biology, from scattered small factories to large-scale joint ventures. They are of great importance in domestic labor market, social stability and economic growth. But what is contrary to the facts is that in economics, family business was an old-fashioned concept, which had been replaced by modern enterprise rules. People tend to associate it with sluggish economy and low efficiency. If it were a low-efficient form, the pervading family business both at home and abroad would be the one that is contrary to the "rational choice" by those entrepreneurs. We surely agree that family business is an economic combination of family rules and enterprise rules. Yet it is one that seeks existence in the competitive market. Under the principle of free market competition, its goal is to make interest in the market. Without efficiency as its foundation, it"s irrational for those forerunners in family business and for the enterprise rule choice they made, let alone for family interests. But family business did exist in our economic life. Existence is reasonable. Then what are the reasons for its reasonable existence? Basing on this knowledge, the dissertation is to probe the theoretical structure of family business rules from the perspective of economics. It"s to analysis its originality, existence and development, and to put forward the strategic perception and practical pattern for family business from different aspects as property rights, remolding structure and existing environment. There are six approaches to this issue in this dissertation, including three parts. Part one is the general introduction, including chapter one and two. Chapter one is to analyze its background, significance, approaches and theory innovation. Chapter two is to define family business with the support of economy theory, which is to lay foundation for theoretical prove afterwards. Part two including chapter three and four is the theory part. Chapter three mainly focus on the property rights. It"s to probe the evolutionary process of family business in China and to give the definition of property rights contract in modern economics. The theoretical definition and pattern of family business property rights inheritance are to be put forward in this chapter too. Chapter four is to analyze the organizational structure of family business. It is to give its character and definition, and to give modern Chinese family business innovation structure. Part three including chapter five and six is to prove the growth of family business in modern China. Chapter five analyzes the growing environment for family business, together with its developing process. Chapter six is to give the strategic analysis on the development of modern Chinese family business. The strategic definition, its character and its economic theory foundation have been given out in this chapter. The main focus is the continual developing strategy for family business in modern China.
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