论文标题:基于SCP范式的中国轿车产业组织研究
论文作者
论文导师 孙亚锋,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 产业经济学
论文单位 东北财经大学,点击次数 117,论文页数 60页File Size3330K
论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_229334862/
car industry;; structure;; conduct;; performance
汽车产业是中国国民经济的重要支柱产业，而轿车产业则是汽车产业中的最重要的组成部分。轿车产业的健康、快速的发展对国民经济的发展起着非常重要的作用。中国轿车产业始建于20世纪50年代，经过50多年的发展，轿车产业各个方面都发生了剧烈而深刻的变化。尤其中国加入世界贸易组织，中国轿车产业面临越来越激烈的国际竞争。2004年6月，国家发展改革委员会正式颁布并实施了新的《汽车产业发展政策》，对今后十年中国汽车产业的发展做出全面规划。2006年入世过渡期的结束和政府保护的进一步放开将为中国轿车行业带来更大挑战。在全球经济一体化新的竞争形势下，我们必须用新的思路去思考和探索产业的发展，制定具有前瞻性、合理性的产业政策，实现产业组织的调整和优化国轿车产业，提高中国轿车产业的国际竞争力，这正是本论文研究的目的和意义所在。 本文将从产业组织的角度出发，通过构建SCP分析框架，对中国轿车行业的现状和发展方向作全面的分析。产业组织理论是以具体的特定产业为研究对象，着重研究产业的规模经济、产业内部企业间的竞争与垄断关系，以谋求规模经济与市场竞争活力相兼容的有效竞争。论文首先回顾了国内外产业组织理论研究现状，为市场结构、企业行为和市场绩效的研究奠定理论基础。然后对中国轿车的发展阶段进行回顾，分别对当前中国轿车行业的市场结构、企业行为和市场绩效一一进行分析。 首先，从生产集中度、规模经济、产品差异化、进入与退出壁垒等角度出发，对中国轿车产业市场结构进行了全方位的研究；从企业行为来看，轿车市场这几年的价格战是愈演愈烈，轿车产品的价格较上世纪90年代末下降了许多，另外产品差异化和广告策略还是能够对那些潜在的进入者提高进入壁垒，但这种影响在逐渐减弱，企业间的兼并重组行为时有发生，但大多是由政府推动的，而不是由市场竞争产生的自发行为；从市场绩效角度，中国轿车行业的利润水平相当高。但这并不完全是由市场竞争而形成的，很大程度上是得益于高度保护的产业政策，中国轿车工业在技术水平上已经得到了较大的提升，现在仍然存在技术引进较大的空间，我们还是处在以技术引进为主的创新过程中，而且中国轿车工业用于R&D的投入很低。 最后，笔者在对轿车产业市场结构、企业行为和市场绩效进行深入分析的基础上，分析出中国轿车产业市场结构、企业行为和市场绩效之间的关系，并提出了完善中国轿车产业组织政策的对策建议。主要是：加大兼并重组力度，提高规模经济水平和市场集中度；降低行政性进入退出壁垒，提高市场进入壁垒；加大自主创新力度，提高自主研发水平。
The auto industry is the important pillar industry in its national economy, and the car industry is an important part of the auto industry. So car industry"s healthy rapid development plays a very important role in promoting the national economy. Chinese car industry set up in the 1950s.It has undergone remarkable changes in every respect in the past more 50 years. Especially following the entry of China into the World Trade Organization, the international competition in front of Chinese car industry has become stronger and stronger. In Jun. 2006, the National Committee of Development and Reformation issued the new "Policies for the Development of Auto Industry" and carried it into execution. These policies have made a full plan for the development of Chinese auto industry in the coming decade. For the five years interim of China"s entry into WTO will be over in 2006, the further release of the protection from government will bring a larger challenge on our car industry. Under the globalization situation, we must use new thought to consider and research the development of the industry, to constitute the forward-looking and reasonable industrial policy, achieve the adjustment and optimization of industrial organization, and to improve our international competitiveness, which is also the purpose and significance that this paper lies in. In an aspect of industrial organization, we will set up an S-C-P frame to make an all-around analysis on the status and development of our car industry. Theory of industry organization is study the large-scale production, the competition between enterprises and monopoly inside a specific industry. It seeks the effective competition between large-scale production and market competition vigor. Firstly, the paper reviews the current situation of industry organization research at home and abroad, which is the theory base for the structure, enterprise conduct and performance. Then the paper reviews the development stage of our car industry and analysis the structure, enterprise conduct and the performance of Chinese car industry respectively. In the paper the structure of china car industry is Omni-bearing studied, the concentration degree, scale economy, product differentiation, barrier for entering and withdrawing of production are deeply demonstrated. From the enterprise conduct, the price competition of the car products is very fierce. The price of the car products has decreased much comparing the end of the 1990s last century, the differential of the products and advertising tactics can enhance the entering barriers of the potential entrants, but this kind of influence is fading gradually. The behaviors of annexation and recombination happen often. But the behaviors are promoted by the government, not by the market mechanism. From the performance, the profits of the car industry of our country are quite high. The profits are far more than the international car manufacturers, the Chinese car industry has already promoted quickly on the engineering level. But we are still in the stage of importing technology and the input of research and development is very low. Based on deeper analysis of the car industry organization, the paper presents a proposal of countermeasures for optimizing our car industry organization policy which mainly include: enhance the behavior of annexation and recombination, rise the level of scale economy and concentration ratio; reduce the barrier for entering and withdrawing of the government, rise the barrier of entering; enhance the level of our research and development.
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