论文标题:在追溯中前行
Going Forward While Tracing Back
论文作者 姜锐
论文导师 阎桂生,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 中国现当代文学
论文单位 吉林大学,点击次数 267,论文页数 43页File Size1297k
2005-05-10论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_2351762/ 女性写作;母系史;母亲形象;母女关系;双重书写
Time concept; Time pattern; Spatialization
女性文学从五四新文化运动发轫以来,历经被遮蔽、被分化、被湮没的命运,到二十世纪九十年代达到空前的繁荣,一些女作家不再满足于追问“女人是什么”和“我是谁”,她们开始追问“我从哪里来”,试图用文学的形式书写出关于母亲的历史,于是出现了“母系史”的创作。本文首先回顾了“母亲”形象在现当代女性文学史上一路演变最后在九十年代被彻底颠覆的过程,从几个典型的文本出发来概括母亲谱系的面貌,并以男作家想象的“女性史”为参照,强调这一创作的女性立场。然后通过文本所建构的“母性之家”中母女关系的变化,梳理出一条女性从“长女”到“幼女”再回归到“母性”的成长脉络,分析女性在各个阶段的生存体验和价值取向,在女性成长过程中,弱化但又不可或缺的男性形象说明女性乌托邦并不存在,作家仍在探索双性和谐之路。最后从这一创作对女性文学传统的延续和对当下女性写作的拓展来看它对女性写作视点的提升。“母系史”的创作不但填补了女性历史在文学上的空白,更重要的是它从女性立场出发去关注历史、民族、政治、人性,对今后女性写作向更深更广处发展具有开拓意义。
In Chinese modern and contemporary literature, the family novels" subjects were men, and the centers were the "father & son", they were continued with the "grandfather & father &son". The matriarchal history was ignored in literature. In the 1990s, the "matriarchal history" texts connected the broken chain of women. This is a challenging writing. In one hand, it touches the world and history, pays attention to kinds of social problems including women problems, and shows the women feeling of the world mission. On the other hand, it breaks away from the older world, analyses the women fate in the male society by the view of human nature, and fights with the distorted women in the men texts by women experiences. These writers not only ponder problems from the female view, but also from the male view. They admit the differences between the male and female, at the same time, they explore the way to the harmony between these two genders. They go though many bitter times, and whish to find the spirit home belongs to men and women. In the contemporary literature, the "personal writing" is so popular that the works of "matriarchal history" undoubtedly will develop the women writing.First, to arrange "the genealogy of mothers". The "matriarchal history" novels" center is the "mother & daughter". They are continued by the chain of the "grandmother & mother & daughter", which reappear the women fate and experiences during many times, and construct the genealogy of the female. From the beginning of Chinese contemporary women literature, the role of the mother has changed obviously. In the May Fourth period, they are lofty and beautiful but without personality. In 1930s, Dingling paid too much attentionto the ideology to weaken the women consciousness. In 1940s, Zhang Ailing broke the traditional virtue of women through revealing the dark side of them. At the last of 21st century, the image of mothers became ugly which smash the pattern of female made by male. The texts of mothers" history is the women history. Among these novels, there is the common experience between the mother and daughter, and the memory of the grandmother, and the blood tie in the historical data, and even the imagination of the former maternal family members. Although some male writers such as Moyan also wrote novels about "matriarchal history", there were no essential characters of female, so they can only be contrasted texts to the women ego writing.Second, to construct a "maternal family". The existence of the "maternal family" takes over the paternal family when it is to be disintegrated. Compared to the powerful mothers, the fathers in these texts are very weak. Although women are the real poles of the family, men are so necessary that women can not grow up normally without them. In such families, the main relationship among the subjects is the one between the mother and daughter. This kind of relationship circulates from the maternity to the eldest daughter to the youngest daughter and back to the maternity. The first relationship between mother and daughter is called "between the eldest daughters". The eldest daughter is a woman pattern that agrees with her mother, in some extent, she is close to the traditional image of women. The change from "the eldest daughter" to "the youngest daughter" forms another relationship called "the eldest daughter and the youngest daughter". In this pattern, the mother is such an eldest daughter who can not change to youngest daughter thoroughly. The youngest daughter puts her own desire to the first place, she try to break away
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