论文标题:死刑限制研究
论文作者
论文导师 汪莉,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 法律
论文单位 安徽大学,点击次数 374,论文页数 54页File Size3405K
2007-10-25论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_2416192/
death penalty limit;; history;; tendency;; way;; exception
死刑,是一种古老的刑种,它在我国刑罚体系中占有重要地位。2007年,最高人民法院将死刑复核权收回统一行使,其目的是确保死刑案件的质量,慎用死刑,控制死刑的数量。但是由于各种因素的影响,在我国现阶段,慎用死刑的观念还没有被民众所普遍认同。因此,笔者认为,有必要对死刑的发展及其存废与限制等问题进行更加深入的研究。 本文通过对死刑发展历史的简单回顾,分析说明了现阶段在我国进行死刑限制的必要性,并进一步对死刑限制的历史发展进行了探讨。尽管我国奴隶社会、封建社会刑罚极其残酷,但历朝历代都保有“慎刑”思想,在此思想的指导下,一方面,在立法上对死刑进行分类,限制死刑的适用对象;另一方面,在程序上设立了死刑复奏、会审等制度以限制死刑的适用。同时,本文也详尽分析了死刑的扩大与限制之争,该争论在学术界、实务部门以及广大民众中都普遍存在。本文认为,尽管由于物质文明程度、历史传统、治安形势等因素的制约,我国在现阶段保留死刑仍具有重要意义,但是受国际社会限制死刑的主流思想的影响,死刑限制问题将越来越受到更加广泛的关注。由于情理、死刑适用标准不统一等问题的存在给死刑的适用带来了极大的负面影响,不但使我国与国际社会产生隔阂进而不利于国际间的司法合作,而且也不利于尊重人权观念的形成。近年来,世界各国废除、限制死刑的趋势日益明显,国际组织对废除和限制死刑也起到了巨大推动作用,因此,限制死刑适用理应成为我国死刑适用的发展方向。关于如何限制死刑,本文认为,既要从死刑存在的范围、死刑适用的对象等方面进行限制,又要对现行的刑罚体系进行调整,使“无期徒刑”真正成为“无期”,更好地解决二审程序虚置化问题,建立死刑案件的例外程序(三审终审制)以及构建死刑赦免和减刑制度。与此同时,笔者认为,尽管限制死刑是历史发展的必然,但在现阶段,限制死刑还不能无限扩大,尤其对于造成被害人死亡的案件,死刑仍有其存在的重要价值,因此,限制死刑也应有一定的例外。
The death penalty, is one kind of ancient punishment plants, it holds the important status in our country penalty system. In 2007, the Supreme People"s Court takes back the right of reviewing death penalty to unified exercise; its purpose is to ensure that the quality of death penalty cases cautiously uses the death penalty to control the number of death penalty. But because of the influence of various factors, in the current circumstances of our country, cautiously uses the concept of the death penalty has not been generally accepted by the people. Therefore, the author believes that it is necessary to do more in-depth study about the development, the retention or abolition, the restriction and other issues of the death penalty. Based on the historical development of the death penalty to briefly review the present stage of the death penalty in our country and the need for restrictions, the death penalty and further restrictions on the historical development were discussed. Despite penalty extremely cruel in China"s slave society and feudal society, but expression through successive dynasties of them to maintain "cautious punishment." Within this ideological guidance, on the one hand, the legislative classification of the death penalty, restrict the application of the death penalty object; On the other hand, establish the death penalty notice systems to limit the application of the death penalty. At the same time, the paper also exhaustively analyzes the controversy between restriction and expansion of the death penalty in the academic community, this argument generally exists in the academic circles, the solid service department as well as the general populace. This article holds that though the material of history and tradition, law and order situation and other factors, China still retain the death penalty at this stage is of great significance, but restrictions on the death penalty by the international community the mainstream thinking of the impact of restrictions on the death penalty issue will be increasingly more widespread concern. The reason, the death penalty did not apply uniform standards exist to such issues as the application of the death penalty has brought considerable negative impact, not only to our country and the international community have a misunderstanding thus not conducive to international judicial cooperation, and is not conducive to the formation of the concept of respect for human rights. In recent years, the trend on abolishing and restricting the death penalty in countries around the world has become increasingly obvious, internationalorganizations also played a huge role in the abolition and restriction of the death penalty, therefore, restrictions on the death penalty applies should become the direction of China"s death penalty development. About how to restrict the death penalty, we believe that the death penalty should exist not only the scope of the death penalty application and restrictions in objects, but also the existing penalty system to be tailored to the "life imprisonment" real "have no period," and the second trial procedures to better address the issue of virtual home, the establishment of death criminal cases exceptions procedures (3 trial final appeal system), as well as construction of the death penalty pardon and commutation system. At the same time, I believe that, despite the restrictions on the death penalty is a historical necessity, but at this stage, not restricting unlimited expansion of the death penalty, particularly for causing the death of the victims, the existence of the death penalty still an important value, therefore, the limit death penalty also should have the certain lower limit.
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