论文标题:利用地理位置信息的无线传感器网络路由和编址技术研究
Research on Routing and Addressing Technologies Based on Geographic Location Information for Wireless Sensor Networks
论文作者
论文导师 胡捍英,论文学位 博士,论文专业 军事通信学
论文单位 解放军信息工程大学,点击次数 556,论文页数 127页File Size11411K
2007-04-15论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_24788562/
geographic location;; wireless sensor network;; routing;; addressing;; address configuration;; grid;; IPv6
无线传感器网络(WSN)是当前信息技术领域的一个热点研究方向。由于WSN在节点能力(能量、处理、存储资源有限)、组网形式(随机布设、动态拓扑、节点数量多、无线多跳等)和业务特征(方向性、低业务量、小载荷、以数据为中心)等方面相对传统网络有很大的区别,在网络协议设计方面也有许多区别于传统网络的独特要求,如强调能量有效性,强调简单、高效,强调自组织、自配置,强调分布式控制,强调可扩展性等;并且,在WSN的特定环境下,网络协议中一些传统问题的影响也被得到了放大,如网络协议的控制分组开销、报头开销等对网络整体通信量及能耗性能的影响,必须引起足够重视。设计符合WSN特点与要求的网络协议,是当前WSN研究需要解决的一个核心问题。 在WSN中,由于地理位置信息对于标识数据产生或事件发生的位置非常必要,节点具备定位能力对于许多WSN应用来说是一个非常重要的前提。由于节点之间的地理位置信息具有天然的异同性,同时又可以体现节点在实际物理空间中的距离和方向性,对这些特性充分加以挖掘与利用,可以使网络协议中的一些传统问题得到优化。 本文围绕WSN的自身特点与设计要求,以地理位置信息作为基本切入点,重点从路由、节点编址与地址自动配置等角度对WSN的网络协议展开研究。主要工作总结如下:①针对“如何降低分组多跳传输的端到端(E2E)能耗”问题,提出了一种利用地理位置信息的WSN最小能耗路由算法GLB-DMECR;②针对地理路由中正向前进距离规则所造成的局部优化问题,提出了一种基于反应式虚拟位置调整的解决算法RVPA:③针对“如何压缩节点的MAC地址长度,继而降低WSN的帧头开销以及由此造成的通信能耗”问题,提出了一种分布式的、基于地理栅格的WSN局部MAC地址动态生成算法GG-DPLM:④在GG-DPLM的基础上,进一步将基于栅格编码的编址与地址自动配置思想拓展到网络层,提出了一种基于地理栅格的WSN网络层编址及路由方式——GG-NLAR;⑤针对WSN与IP网络的互联与融合问题,开展了一定的研究工作。
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a research hotspot in present information technology field. For its differences from traditional network in node capacities (limited energy, processor and memory), network characters (random deployment, dynamic topology, large dimension, multi-hop), and traffic patterns (directional flow, low traffic rate, small data payload, data-centric application), there exist many special requirements for the design of WSN"s network protocols, such as energy efficiency, simplicity, self-organization, self-configuration, distributed control, scalability, and etc. Moreover, some common issues in traditional networks, such as the impact of control overhead caused by individual control messages or control segments in datagrams on the network performance, are zoomed in under the specific environment of WSN, and much attention should be paid to them. Therefore, the designing of network protocols that cart to the characters and requirements of WSN is one of the most important issues for further research. In most WSN applications, the reported data or events always have to be associated with their geographic location, it is necessary for sensor nodes to have the ability to locate their geographic location by GPS or other methods. Because the geographic location information of different nodes is naturally distinct from each other, and it also reflects their relative distance and direction, we can mine the utility of these features to promote the performance of some network protocols in WSNs. In this paper, our main focus is on geographic location based routing, addressing, address auto-configuring for WSNs, for the purpose of making them more suitable for the characters and requirements of WSN. The main work of this paper can be summarized as follows:①GLB-DMECR, a routing algorithm that utilizes nodes" geographic location information is proposed, for the sake of minimizing end-to-end (E2E) energy consumption for delivering a packet over multi hops.②RVPA, an algorithm based on reactive virtual position adjusting is proposed to tackle with the local maximum problem in geographic routing with positive advance principle.③For the purpose of shortening the length of MAC addresses, and thus decreasing the overhead in each frame and the communication energy consumption caused by it, GG-DPLM, an algorithm for dynamically producing local MAC address based on geographical grid, is proposed.④On the basis of GG-DPLM, the addressing idea based on grid codes is extended to the addressing procedure of network layer, and GG-NLAR, an addressing and routing strategy that is based on geographic grid is proposed.⑤Some research on the interconnection and combination of WSNs with IP networks is carried out.
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