论文标题:双条杉天牛生物学特性及侧柏提取物对其引诱活性的研究
Studies on Biological Characters of Semanotus Bifasiatus and Attractive Activity of Extracts from Platycladus Orientalis
论文作者 王婷
论文导师 周成刚,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 森林保护学
论文单位 山东农业大学,点击次数 81,论文页数 71页File Size1177k
2005-06-20论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_254341282/ 双条杉天牛;侧柏;生物学特性;引诱活性;风洞;“Y”型嗅觉仪;触角电位
Semanotus bifasiatus (Matsch);Platycladus orientalis(Linn);Biological characters;Attractive activity;Wind tunnel;“Y”-tube olfactometer;Electroantennogram (EAG)
双条杉天牛[Semanotus bifasiatus (Matsch)]是柏类植物的主要蛀干害虫。本文初步研究了双条杉天牛的生物学特性;用水蒸气蒸馏和索氏提取法提取侧柏挥发性物质,然后利用两种提取液及侧柏木屑对双条杉天牛进行生物测定以确定其引诱活性的大小;用气相色谱-质谱联用仪GC-MS(Gas Chromaogragh-Mass Spectrometer)分析了三者的挥发性物质组成。主要结果如下:1 生物学特性研究泰安地区双条杉天牛一年一代,成虫翌年3 月出孔,出孔最适温度15～20℃,高峰期在3 月10 日到3 月22 日,雌虫出孔高峰期比雄虫迟2～3d,性比1︰1.12。成虫出孔后不需补充营养,雌虫交尾后2～3d 产卵,散产或聚产,每雌产卵量9～137 粒,平均72.54±22.13 粒。经交尾的成虫寿命长于未经交尾者,雌、雄虫寿命长短差异不大。常温下,卵期平均13.75±2.82d,孵化率87.25%;卵期发育始点温度11.43±1.15℃,有效积温91.38 日度。幼虫4、5 月份为幼龄期,生长发育缓慢,6、7 月份生长发育加快,8、9 月份老熟,8 月上旬进入预蛹期,9 月上旬化蛹,化蛹率90.28%,蛹期8～21d,平均为17.35±0.47d。9 月下旬蛹羽化为成虫,羽化率为88.16%。2 挥发物的提取水蒸气蒸馏和索氏提取两种方法的收率分别为0.23%和2.36%,后者收率明显大于前者。两种提取法所得产物分别为提取液1、提取液2。3 提取物的生物测定“Y”型嗅觉仪法双条杉天牛雌、雄成虫对提取液1 和侧柏木屑均表现出较强的选择性,选择率分别为66.7%、58.3%;对提取液2 基本无反应。前两者相比,双条杉天牛对提取液1 的选择性较强,且差异显著;雌、雄虫相比,雌虫的趋性略大于雄虫,但差异不显著。风洞法双条杉天牛对三种气味源的趋性不同,趋向顺序为提取液1、侧柏木屑、提取液2,对三者及对照的趋向率分别为76.7%、63.4%、46.7%、45.0%;雌、雄成虫对同一气味源的趋向性有差异,差异不显著;在一定距离范围(50～140cm)内,双条杉天牛对气味源的趋性基本不受其
Semanotus bifasiatus (Matsch) is one of the serious stem borers onPlatycladus orientalis(Linn). In this thesis, biological characters of Semanotusbifasiatus is studied. Two methods including steam distillation and Soxhletextraction to exract volatile from Platycladus orientalis are introduced. Theattractive activity of two kinds of extracts and scraps of P. orientalis isresearched by biological determination. Composition of them is studied byGC-MS. The results are following:1. Biological characters of Semanotus bifasiatusSemanotus bifasiatus reproduces one generation each year andoverwinters as adult. The most suitable temperature for adult to come out isfrom 15～20℃, the peak period is from 10th Mar. to 22nd Mar., female’s islater than male’s for two or three days. The sex ratio is 1:1.12. The adult beginto lay eggs 2~3 days after copulation without nutritious complement. 9~137eggs can be laid by each female, the mean is 72.54±22.13. Life of adult withcopulation is longer than those without copulation. The oviposition period is13.75±2.82 days and the hatching percentage is 87.25%,the developmentthreshold of eggs is 11.43±1.15℃, and the thermal constant is 91.38 DD. Thelarva pupate in early September and the percentage of pupation is90.28%,pupa stage lasts 8～21days, the pupa become to adult at lateSeptember and the percentage of eclosion is 88.16%.2. Extraction of volatileThe yield rate of steam distillation and Soxhlet extraction are 0.23%and2.36% respectively. The latter is higher than the former obviously.3.Bioassay of volatiles to Semanotus bifasiatus“Y”-tube olfactometer: Semanotus bifasiatus shows great tendency toboth essential oil extracted by steam distillation and oddments of P. orientalis,the rate of choice are 66.7%and 58.3%, the former is higher than the latterobviously. It shows no tendency to essential oil extracted by Soxhlet extraction.Female shows greater tendency than male.
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