论文标题:基于GIS系统平台的电网拓扑生成研究
Study on Building Topologic Map of Power System Based on GIS
论文作者 贺琦
论文导师 周步祥,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 电力系统及其自动化
论文单位 四川大学,点击次数 94,论文页数 70页File Size2658k
2004-04-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_264144117/ 地理信息系统;电网拓扑;全球定位系统;自动成图
Geographic Information System (GIS); network topology; Global;Position System (GPS); Automated Mapping
电力系统是一个结构复杂、覆盖面大、地域分布广阔的网络系统，系统中的各个对象之间存在着复杂的电气连接关系。随着近年来电力行业信息化程度的不断提高，如何在以计算机为基础的电子世界中描述现实世界电网中所存在的各种拓扑关系成为当前的一个重要研究课题。本文提出了建立基于通用GIS平台的电网逻辑拓扑及地理接线拓扑的构想，并对其中涉及到的数据结构、设备模型、关键技术等方面进行了研究和分析。 地理信息系统是在计算机软、硬件环境支撑下，能够实现对空间数据进行采集、管理、操作、分析、模拟和显示的一门融计算机技术、数据库技术及计算机图形学于一体的跨专业新技术，具有强大的图形处理及空间分析能力。本文在对GIS系统空间数据结构进行分析的基础上，针对电网逻辑拓扑图的具体形态及电力专业内涵提出了建立拓扑的设备模型，充分利用当前成熟的面向对象技术，将电网中的每类设备都抽象成为图纸空间中的图元对象，并同时定义了电气连接点。图元的对象化使其能够响应多种不同的事件，方便今后的应用分析。对于绘图过程中可能产生的各种微小偏差也同时给出了解决办法，从而最大限度地保证了绘制的正确性。此外，还详细描述了逻辑拓扑的形成过程及方法以及对拓扑编辑的管理流程。由于图形及属性数据都采用统一的GIS数据结构进行描述，因此真正实现了图形、属性的一体化，解决了长期困扰电力部门的图数分离问题。 电网的管理实际是一种对基于一定区域上的点、线、面对象的管理，其中既有图形数据，也有属性数据，从而构成了具有空间特定内涵的地理信息体系。利用先进的GPS全球定位技术能够快捷、迅速地动态建立、更新电网数据。对于所采集的GPS数据不能直接导入GIS系统，必须进行差分校正及坐标转换，入库后的数据在通过GIS平台建立拓扑之前还需经特定的编辑处理才能生成所需的拓扑数据等，本文对此都进行了较为全面的论述。 最后详述了借助标准开发工具及通用GIS平台对本文所述设计思想进行的实现过程，并对研究的结果进行了总结，同时对本课题的进一步研究方向及当前GIS技术在电力系统的发展趋势也作了讨论。关键词:地理信息系统电网拓扑全球定位系统自动成图
Power system is a complicated network system that covers a wide range of areas. The objects within the system have complicated electric connections to each other. In recent years, with the development of the information technology, it has become an important research topic to describe the various topologic relations in computer system. This paper brings up a new idea to build the topologic map of logic circuit and geographic joint of power network based on general Geographic Information System (GIS), as well as the studies on the related data structures, modeling facilities and key techniques.Geographic information system (GIS) is a new interdisciplinary technology, which combines computer technology, database management system and computer graphic science. With the support of computer software and hardware, GIS can collect, manage, operate, analyze, simulate and display the spatial data and accomplish graphic data processing and analysis. Based on the analysis of spatial data structure of GIS, a series of facility models on the formation of the topologic map specialized in electric power network were proposed in this paper. With the advanced Object Oriented Technology, all electric facilities in the network can be abstracted to the meta-graphic-objects in drawing space and the electric joint points can be defined too. The meta-graphic-object is event driven which facilitate its analysis and application in the future. To ensure the accuracy of drawing, thesolution for tiny deviation in drawing was also given in this paper. Moreover, the constructive process of logistic topological map and the flow of edit are also described in detail. As a result of the introducing of GIS data structure, graphic data and attribute data can be integrated in this logistic topological map of power network.The objects of power network are point, line and area in a certain area, which include both graphic data and attribute data. All the data above construct a geographic information system that has special spatial meaning. The data of power network can be built and updated conveniently by using advanced Global Position System (GPS). The data collected by GPS can not be introduced to GIS directly, they have to undergo some special treatments such as difference correction and reference transformation before they can be input into the GIS database, which will be discussed in detail in this paper.At last, a summary of the study was given and the application and future development of GIS in power system were predicted.
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