论文标题:油菜籽油份、硫甙含量近红外分析模型的建立及西藏油菜资源品质性状多样性研究
Development of NIRS Analysis Model for Rapeseed Oil and Glucosinolate Content & Research on Qualities Diversity in Tibet Rapeseed Germplasm
论文作者 孙秀丽
论文导师 傅廷栋；甘莉；涂金星,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 作物遗传育种
论文单位 华中农业大学,点击次数 88,论文页数 51页File Size2174k
2002-11-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_271943937/ 硫代葡萄糖甙;含油量;近红外反射光谱法;高效液相色谱法;西藏;油菜资源
Glucosinolate;Oil content;NIRS;HPLC;Tibet;Germplasm
油菜是我国重要的油料作物，产量和面积均居世界首位。菜油是重要的食用油，榨油后的饼粕中含有丰富的蛋白质，可作为动物精饲料。但传统油菜品种菜饼中硫代葡萄糖甙(简称硫甙)含量高，极大地限制了饼粕在饲料方面的利用。遗传改良是降低油菜籽中硫甙含量的有效途径。而油菜品质的改良与分析方法的改进、发展是分不开的。因此，简单、快速、准确的品质分析方法成了育种家关心的重大课题。 近红外反射光谱法是近年来发展起来的快速、准确分析复杂物质含量的方法，具有非破坏性、安全性等特点，是一种绿色分析技术。 本文研究了用近红外反射光谱法测定完整甘蓝型油菜籽中油份、硫甙含量(包括硫甙总量及3-丁烯基硫甙、2-羟基-3-丁烯基硫甙、4-羟基-3-吲哚甲基硫甙三种分量)，以残余法(含油量)、高效液相色谱法(硫甙总量与分量)作为参照方法，分别建立近红外分析模型，并对模型进行分析评价。 西藏是白菜型油菜的起源中心之一，也是芥菜型油菜的可能起源中心之一，品种资源丰富，形态特征奇特，弄清这些种质资源的品质特征，对丰富育种资源，有效利用特殊性状具有重要意义。本文对收集到的529份西藏油菜资源进行了繁殖和含油量、脂肪酸组成、硫甙含量的测定。 本研究主要结论如下： 1 含油量分析的NIRS模型 模型1包含189份(2001年与2002年收获)样品，含量范围为32.69％-49.80％，决定系数(R~2)为0.97，均方根误差(RMSECV)为0.66％。 模型2包含144份(全部为2001年收获)样品，含量范围为30.42％-49.34％，R~2为0.98，RMSECV为0.6096。在预测2002年未知样品时模型1的预测结果优于模型2。 2 总硫甙分析的NIRS模型。 2．1 总硫甙低含量-高含量样品分析模型(简称模型1)。模型1包含样品43份，样品硫甙含量范围为14.67-174.55μmol.g~(-1)，内部交叉检验的R~2为0.99，RMSECV为4.66μmol.g~(-1)。 2．2 总硫甙低含量样品分析模型(简称模型2)。模型2包含样品76份，含量范围为12.20-40.02μmol.g~(-1)，内部交叉检验的R~2为0.92，RMSECV为1.78μmol.g~(-1)。 2．3 总硫甙低含量-中含量样品分析模型(简称模型3)。模型3包含样品121份，含量范围为12.46-58.96μmol.g~(-1)，R~2为0.92，RMSECV为2.84μmol.g~(-1)。 3 硫甙分量分析的NIRS模型。甘蓝型油菜总硫甙中主要含有3-丁烯基硫甙、2-羟基一3一丁烯基硫俄、小轻基一3一1151噪甲华硫俄，其近红外分析模型样;W:数分别为:79、81、81份;I又2分别为0.92、0.95、0.87，RMSECv分别为1.11腼01.9一，、0.51阳01.9一‘、O·47烤no 1 .9’。 4西藏白菜型油菜含油量、硫贰和芥酸组成范围分别为:24.76哈45.51%、30.57一192.2腼。1.9一‘、21.03%一54.06%;芥菜型油菜含油量、硫贰和芥酸组成范围分别为:25.76沦43.03%、37.59一145.80阳01.9一，、27.11十45.21%。其弓二，含入11量大于45%的仅有两份，全部为白菜型油菜;芥酸>50%的有两份，分别为堆随白钦(山南，白菜型，54.06%)和林周当地种(白菜型，50.01%);硫贰含量小于40 p mol.g一，有4份，分别是朱嘎(30.57pmol.g一‘，白菜型，It妇松县)、普玉油(38.13抖mol.g一，，白菜型，LIJ南)、租都(37.59。mol.g一，，芥菜型，尼木县)、名来(33.07 0 mol.g一，，芥菜型，曲县):亚麻酸<5%的有2份，分别为菜油(山南，白菜型，4.97%)和来自桑日的不知名品种(白菜型，4.99%);饱和脂肪酸普遍较低，在529份西藏油菜品种资源中筛选到219份饱和脂肪酸(棕桐酸+硬脂酸)<4%的材料，其中白菜型183份，芥菜型36份，这些材料对选育甘蓝型油菜低饱和脂肪酸品种将有重要意义。 本研究还对化学值的准确性与模型可靠性的关系，近红外光谱的质量与模型的可靠性的关系，西藏油菜资源在育种中的利用价值以及环境对品质性状的影响等问题进行了讨论。
The rapeseed is one kind of important oil-bearing crops in China. Both its output and acreage remain the first place in the world. Rapeseed oil is one sort of important edible oil. Its meal contains rich protein and is used as the animal feeding stuff. But the glucosinolate content in traditional cultivars is relatively high, which has greatly limited its utilization in the feeding stuff. The genetic improvement is an effective way to reduce glucosinolate content of the rapeseed. The development and modification of analysis methods is closely connected with the qualities improvement. Therefore, the development of the simple and quick and precise quality analysis method has become a great subject that the breeders are concerned about.Being the quick and precise method to analyses complicated matter content developed in recent years, NIRS.which possesses superiorities such as non- destructiveness and safety etc, is a kind of green analysis technology.The purpose of this study was to determine the oil and glucosinolate content (including total glucosinolate and gluconapin, progoitrin, and 4- hydroxyglucobrassicin) by NIRS. The samples were analysed by the residual technique (oil content) and high performance liquid chromatography ( glucosinolate content ) as the reference methods. And the calibration models for the oil and glucosinolates were developed and evaluated respectively.Tibet ,where there are very rich germplasms which show many particular phonetypes,is one of the origin center of the B.campestris , and is also the probable origin center of the B.Juncea. To make clear the quality characteristics of these germplasms is important to enrich breeding resources and to effectively use their special characteristics. In this text, 529 Tibet rapeseed resources had been used to proceed breeding and to determine the content of oil, fatty acid and glucosinolate. The major conclusions of this research are as follows:1. NIRS calibration models for oil contentOil model 1 Oil model 1 contains 189 samples (harvested in 2001 and in 2002 ) ,the oil content of which ranges from 32.69% to 49.80%. Coefficient of determination (R2) is of 0.97, and the relative standard error of cross-validation (RMSECV) is of 0.66 %.0 i I mode I 2 Oil model 2 contains 144 samples (harvested in 2001), the oil content of which ranges from 30.42% to 49.34%. R2 is of 0.98 and RMSECV is of 0.60%. The predicted value by oil model 1 is precised than that by oil model 2 when forecasting unknown samples harvested in 2002.2. NIRS calibration models for total glucosinolate contentNIRS calibration models for samples with low and high total glucosinolate(model 1) . The model was developed from a calibration set of 43 samples (glucosinolate content: 14.67-174.55 μmol.g-1) with R2 of 0.99 and RMSECV of 4.66 μ mol.g-1NIRS calibration models for samples with low total glucosinolate, (model 2). The model was developed from a calibration set of 76 samples (glucosinolate content: 12.20-40.02μ mol.g-1) with R2 of 0.92 and RMSECV of 1.78μ mol.g-1.NIRS calibration models for samples with low and moderate total glucosinolate(model3) .The model was developed from a calibration set of 121 samples (glucosinolate content: 12.46-58.96 μmol. g-1) with R2 of 0.92 and RMSECV of 2.84 μmol .g ".3. NIRS calibration models for individual glucosinolates contentGluconapin, progonitrin and 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin are dominant in B.napus. The models for gluconapin, progonitrin and 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin were developed from calibration sets of 79, 81 and 81 samples with R2 of 0.92 ,0.95 and 0.87, and RMSECV of 1.11 μmol.g-1, 0.51μmol. g-1 and 0.47μmol.g-1, respectively.4. The contents of oi I , total glucosinolate and euric acid in Tibet B.campestris were 24.76%-45.51% , 30.57-192.2μ mol.g-1 and 21,03%-54.06% respectively; and that in B.juncea were 25.76%-43.03%, 37.59-145.80 u mol .gM and 27.11%-45.21% respectively. Among them Oil content of two materials in B.campestris was more than 45%;and also euric ac
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