论文标题:论陆游川陕诗歌及其“功夫在诗外”
Comment on LuYou"s Sichuan-Shaanxi Poems and His "Ability Outside of Poems"
论文作者
论文导师 张学忠,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 中国古代文学
论文单位 陕西师范大学,点击次数 93,论文页数 67页File Size4046K
2007-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_277600512/
Lu You ;; Poems in the Sichuan-Shaanxi;; "Ability outside of poems"
陆游是一位家喻户晓的爱国诗人，他的一生为后代留下了九千多首诗作。这些作品不仅记录了陆游生活的足音，心灵的曲线，而且折射出了那一时代的风貌。对这笔宝贵的财富，前人已习惯性地按陆游的生平经历划分为早、中、晚三个时期的创作。正如清代赵翼在《瓯北诗话》中所说：“陆游凡‘三变’，即少工藻绘，中务宏肆，晚造平淡。”陆游川陕诗歌是陆游在夔州、南郑和蜀中各地所作，当属前中之交时期。此时期的诗歌创作是他诗歌创作成熟和艺术上取得辉煌成就的重要时期，是他诗风转变的关键时期，并对“功夫在诗外”这一诗论的形成起了决定性的作用。陆游在此时期诗歌创作的基础上，蕴育并形成了“功夫在诗外”这一著名的诗歌理论。它是陆游川陕创作实践的理论总结，并进一步指导了陆游以后的诗歌创作，揭示了现实生活是诗歌创作的真正源泉，饱含了丰富的唯物主义理念。人们对陆游在南郑、蜀中的诗歌及其诗论“功夫在诗外”虽然进行了一些研究，但是都是零散的，不系统的。特别是把川陕诗歌和他的“功夫在诗外”这一诗论结合起来进行研究涉及的人甚少，这是当代陆游研究中的一个薄弱环节。鉴于此情况，笔者在各位学界前辈研究的基础之上，试图对陆游川陕诗歌及其诗论“功夫在诗外”进行探讨，并进一步挖掘二者之间的关系。本篇论文分两部分。 引言先简单介绍陆游及其创作以及后人对他的关注，并阐明笔者研究这个课题的动机和目的，以引起人们的重视。同时为了研究的方便，对文中所言的川陕诗歌进行界定，并说明川陕诗歌与诗论“功夫在诗外”的关系。 第一部分是陆游川陕诗歌。这部分分为四个小部分。 第一小部分简单介绍川陕诗歌创作的背景。重点分析陆游在夔州、南郑、蜀中各地的情况及思想状况。 第二小部分苦涩怅恨的夔州诗歌。结合陆游在夔州的生活，分析夔州诗歌中的苦涩与怅恨。 第三小部分快乐自信的南郑诗歌。结合陆游在南郑的生活，分析南郑诗歌充满了自信乐观。 第四小部分忧时感世的蜀中诗歌。通过把陆游蜀中作品分为思乡悲老诗，咏花诗，饮酒诗，歌颂巴山蜀水、风土人情以及直抒胸臆、借梦抒情这几类来论述并结合陆游的在这里的生活，分析陆游蜀中诗的爱国思想与爱国情怀。 第二部分是陆游川陕诗歌创作的意义。又分为两小部分。 第一小部分是诗风的转变。通过川陕诗歌的分析，突出这一时期诗作的显著特色：题材更为阔大、语言自成一家、风格沉郁悲壮兼雄健宏大。 第二小部分是诗论“功夫在诗外”。重点对诗论提出的背景、诠释，并与杨万里的观点进行比较，还对诗论提出的意义进行分析。
Lu You was a patriotic poet known to every household. His whole life left later generation over 9, 000 poems, which not only record the footmark of his life and the curve of his mind but also mirror the feature of his times. To his valuable treasury, our predecessors used to classify it into three creative periods: early period, middle period and later period in line with his personal experiences. Just as Zhao Yi in Qing Dynasty pointed out in his book——Ou bei shi hua that Lu You" s poetry underwent three changes: being good at ornate style in early period, elaborating grandiose style in middle period and creating plain style in later period. LuYou" s Sichuan-Shaanxi poems are what he did in Kuizhou, Nanzheng and somewhere of Sichuan, belonging to a joint of the early period and the middle period. The period" s poems created were that his poems writing got into an important period of splendid accomplishment on creating maturity and art and the key period of his poems style changing but also played a decisive role in his poem theory "Ability outside of poems" formation. Lu You formed and raised the famous poem theory——"Ability outside of poems" on the basis of his poems writing during the period. The theory was his writing practices of Lu You Sichuan-Shaanxi summing up and guided Lu You writing poems in thereafter and further. The theory reveals that real livelihood is the really resources of writing poems and contains rich materialistic ideas. That people studied Lu You" s poems in Nanzheng and Sichuan and his poem theory——"Ability outside of poems", but these studies were scattered, no systematic. Especially very few people studied his poems in Sichuan and Shaanxi with his theory——"Ability outside of poems", which is a weak link in Lu You" s studies. According to this situation, the paper is going to try to study Lu You" s poems in Sichuan-Shaanxi and his "Ability outside of poems", but also reveals the relationship between them on the basis of predecessors" studies in educational circles. The paper consists of two parts. Its foreword briefly introduces Lu You and his poems and people" s concern for them. It also is going to expound the author" s motive and purpose of studying this subject, which arouses people" s interests. Simultaneously it is gonging to definite the poems in Sichuan-Shaanxi of this paper and explain the relationship between his poems in Sichuan-Shaanxi and the poem theory——"Ability outside of poems" The first part deals with Lu You" s Sichuan-Shaanxi poems. This part consists of four fractions. Part one simply introduces the background of his poems creating in Sichuan-Shaanxi, concentrating on analyzing Lu You" s condition and thought situation in Kuizhou, Nanzheng, somewhere in Sichuan. Part two deals with bitter and astringent, melancholy and resentful poems of Kuizhou, analyzing agonized and regretful regret in Kuizhou" s poems with Lu You" s lives there. Part three deals with happy and self-confident poems of Nanzheng, analyzing the happiness and self-confidence in Nanzheng" s poems with LuYou" s lives there. Part four deals with sorrowful times and feeling world poems of somewhere in Sichuan, analyzing LuYou" s anxious feeling for his times and his patriotic thought by classifying his poems and combining with his lives in Sichuan. The second part deals with significance of Lu You writing poems in Sichuan-Shaanxi. It contains of two small parts. Part one deals changes of poem" s style. By analyzing the poems in Sichuan-Shaanxi, it lays stress on the notable art characteristics of this period writing: subject matter becoming broader, language becoming unique in one"s style greatly, style becoming depressed stirred by defeat simultaneously vigorous grand. Part two deals with his poem theory——"Ability outside of poems" Mainly, it analyzes its backgrounds, annotation suggesting, comparison his viewpoint with Yang Wan-li" s, significance of the poem theory brought forward.
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