论文标题:略论清末民初的民族轮船航运业
On the National Steamship Industry in Late Qing and Early Republic of China
论文作者
论文导师 欧阳跃峰,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 中国近现代史
论文单位 安徽师范大学,点击次数 185,论文页数 63页File Size1525K
2007-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_28178717/
Late Qing and Early Republic of China;; streamship industry;; rise
清末民初是我国轮船航运业的兴起时期。鸦片战争后,由于外国轮船的到来、民族经济的发展、清政府水运政策的改变及辛亥革命、一战的爆发等原因,我国轮船航运业开始逐渐兴起,在国民经济中所占据的作用也越来越重要。本文描述了这个时期我国各地区轮船航运业的发展概况,总结了这个时期我国轮船航运业的发展特点:经历了解禁——发展——黄金三个阶段;官办轮船航运业的没落和商办轮船业的新兴形成了鲜明的对比;轮船航运业发展的不平衡性;早期轮船企业倏兴倏灭者居多及未能从根本上改变外国轮运势力垄断我国沿海沿江的局面等。根据我国轮船航运业的发展概况和特点,本文认为:清末民初是我国民族轮船航运业的兴起时期,轮船航运业的兴起促进了我国交通工具的近代化,一定程度地抵制了外国轮船势力的入侵,繁荣了贸易,并带动其他行业的发展以及解放了人们思想、开化了社会风气等等,轮船航运业已成为我国经济生活中不可缺少的一个部分。但是,由于底子薄、旧社会制度的制约及外国轮船航运势力的强大等原因的影响,这个时期的我国轮船航运业的发展还是处于起步阶段,很不完善,存在着诸多缺陷,未来的路是任重而道远!
Chinese streamship industry rised during the period of Late Qing and Early Republic of China. After the Opium War, Chinese streamship industry began to emerge because of many foreign steamships’arrival, the development of national economy in modern times, the changement of Qing government’s water transportation policy, the 1911 Revolution and the break-out of the World WarⅠ.Then it played a more and more important role in the national economy. The article tries to describe the general developing situation of streamship industry all over China and sum up its characteristics: It experienced the three stages––perimit; development, and golden age; There are contrastive results between official and commercial industry; The imbalancement of development; At the early stage, most enterprises rised and appeared both quickly; The early shipping failed to change the foreign shipping’s monopolization. According to its general developing situation and characteristics, I come to some conclusions: The industry rised in Late Qing and Early Republic of China and promoted modernization of Chinese transportation and trade prosperity; It resisted the foreign ships invasion to some degree; And it did good to the development of other trades and occupations, to the liberation of people"s thinking and to culturing social conventions. However there was a weak foundation and old system constraints in industry during the period of Late Qing and Early Republic of China. So there was a long way for Chinese shipping to walk.
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