论文标题:教育对贫困地区农村脱贫的影响
The Influence of Education upon Escaping-poverty in the Countryside of the Poor Rural Region
论文作者
论文导师 刘纯阳,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 农村与区域发展
论文单位 湖南农业大学,点击次数 26,论文页数 56页File Size3677K
2007-09-02论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_303836787/
education;; human capital;; farmers"income;; escaping-poverty
加快贫困地区农村经济的发展，使其尽快脱贫致富，是落实科学发展观、建设社会主义和谐社会的必然要求。研究教育对贫困地区农村脱贫的影响，具有重要的现实意义。 本文以作者对湖南省新化、涟源两个县市贫困地区农村的问卷调查和个别走访所获取的数据为基础，把教育作为人力资本的一个重要变量，考察了它对被调查县市贫困地区农民脱贫的影响。实证研究的结果显示，对初中及其以下文化程度的劳动者而言，教育对农民增加收入的效果不显著；但对高中(中职)及其以上文化程度的劳动者来说，教育是影响他们收入的关键性因素，尤其是中等职业教育，对贫困地区农民增收效果显著；职业技能培训对加快劳动力转移、增加农民收入有显著的促进作用。教育主要是通过影响农民的素质，影响人力资本存量，影响农民择业的地区、职业、工种，进而影响农民的工资性收入来实现它对贫困地区农民脱贫的影响。在现阶段，工资性收入对农民收入增长的贡献最大，已经成为促进农民其他收入增长的源泉。此外，教育还可以影响农民的思想观念，影响农民获取信息的途径和利用信息的效率，从而影响贫困地区农民脱贫的进程。研究表明，在新化、涟源这样的国家级、省级贫困县市，要实现农民尽快脱贫，起决定作用的是教育。 因此，在贫困地区发展教育，必须在九年制义务教育的基础上，尽快提高到高中层次，尤其是要大力发展中等职业技术教育，加大职业技能培训力度；要积极创造提高贫困地区人力资本投资回报的环境，完善制度和机制，引导农民优先发展教育，为从根本上摆脱贫困创造条件。
To get rid of the poverty from the poor rural areas by accelerating the economic development is the inevitable requirement of implementing the scientific concept development. It is very realistic that we study the education impact upon the poverty in the poor rural regions. This thesis is based on the data achieved by the writer"s questionnaire survey and private visits from the poor rural areas in the Xinhua county and Lianyuan city. The writer takes education as an important variable of the human capital, and inspects its influence on the escaping -poverty in the poor regions. The positive researches show that the education does not do much with the raising of the fanners" income for the labor forces graduated from the junior or lower schools. However, education plays a key role to their income for the high school graduates or the secondary school ones, especially the secondary vocational education plays a notable role in raising the farmers" in the poor rural regions. The vocational training can promote the transference and increase the farmers" income. Education mainly influences the escaping- poverty in the countryside by the impact on the farmers" quality, the storage of the human capital, the places where they work, the occupation which they choose, the trades that they take, and such further influence their wage income. At present, the wages contributes a lot in the process of raising the farmers" income. It has become the resources to raise the other incomes. In addition, education also has influences on the farmers" concepts, the channels they get information, the efficiency they use it, thus it influences the process of escaping-poverty. Researches show that it is the education that plays the decisive role to the farmers to escape poverty quickly such national and provincial poor regions as Xinhua and Lianyuan. So education must raise its level to high school level as soon as possible on the base of nine-year compulsory education system, especially vigorously develop vocational and technical education and also intensify the training of the vocational skills .We should create the human capital returning environment in the poor regions, perfect the systems and mechanisms, guide the farmers to develop their education in priority, so as to create the fundamental conditions to get rid of the poverty.
|
