论文标题:舍勒人的本质思想探析
Synthetic Evaluation Study on the Sustainable Development of Tourism Resources
论文作者 王善英
论文导师 万光侠,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 外国哲学
论文单位 山东师范大学,点击次数 192,论文页数 46页File Size623k
2005-04-30论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_30691487/ 舍勒; 人的本质; 精神; 位格; 全人
Max Scheler; The nature of human being; Spirit; Person; Ferfect human
马克斯·舍勒(Max Scheler 1874——1928),是德国伟大的哲学家、伦理学家、天主教思想家、现象学第二泰斗、哲学人类学的创始人。舍勒的思想博大精深,尤其对人的问题的探究是其整个哲学体系的核心,其中对人的本质的研究又成为其核心的核心,并产生了深远的影响。本文旨在围绕舍勒人的本质思想进行探析,以期有益于丰富和发展哲学史上的人学理论。全文共分三部分:第一部分,具体阐述了舍勒对近现代以来关于人的各种理论的批判。主要包括对关于人的消极理论和古典理论、自然主义观点(包括形式-机械论思想、活力论的三种亚类型学说)、笛卡儿的身心二元论以及克拉格斯的精神与生命冲突论的批判。这些理论从根本上割裂了理性与本能或精神与肉体(生命)之间的密切关系,都没有抓住人的最本质的东西,没有看到本真的人自身和完整的人的统一体。第二部分,系统地梳理了舍勒人的本质思想的主要内容。主要包括舍勒人的本质思想的现象学方法论原则的探求,对人的精神本质的探求,包括精神的含义、特征、精神与生命冲动(生命冲动的感觉欲求、本能、习惯联想和本质智能四个等级层次)的关系以及精神与位格关系的研究。并具体阐述了舍勒关于人的生存状态和人的发展的思想。主要包括舍勒对人与世界、人与历史以及人与上帝的关系状态、人的陌化状态以及人的发展——全人思想的阐释。第三部分,对舍勒人的本质思想作了评价。首先指出了舍勒人的本质思想在整个西方哲学史中的地位,它使舍勒成为现代西方哲学人类学的创始人,它丰富和发展了西方哲学史上的人学思想。其次指出了舍勒人的本质思想的理论贡献和局限性。它提出了完整的人的思想,对人的本质精神作了拓展性的研究,指出了人的动态性与发展性。当然,它也存在着一定的局限性即一定程度上充满了神秘主义色彩,缺乏对人的社会性和实践性的理解与分析。并指出了研究舍勒人的本质思想的现实意义。
Max Scheler, the great philosopher, ethician, Catholic thinkerphenomenology second leading scholar, philosophy anthropology founder inGerman. Max Scheler’s thought is wide and profound. Especially, the ideason the nature of human is his whole thought system’s core. Which causeimportant influence.The article’s intention is to research the thought.I lookforward to enriching and development the theory about human being by studyingthis idea.The article is composed of three parts as following:The first part explains Max Scheler’s comprehensive critique ontraditional ideas about the nature of human being, which includes the inactiveand classical theories, naturalism point (form and mechanism,three vitalisticsecond typology), Rene Descartes’body and mind dualism, and Kalages’conflict of spirit and being. These theories dissever the affinity of logosand instinct, spirit and being, and they can’t find the real oneself and entiaof integrate man.The second part expounds systemically the major content of Max Scheler’stheory about the nature of human being, which includes Max Scheler’s searchingof method to phenomenology and man’s genius spirit, the latter includes themeanings and character of spirit, the connection of spirit and being impulse,and the Person connecting closely to the spirit.This part also expatiatesspecifically Max Scheler’s viewpoint about man’s existing state and itsdevelopment, which analyses Max Scheler’s explanation about the relationshipbetween man and the world, and the history ,and the god. In the same time,Itinterpretate the alienation state of human and the future state of man .Thefuture state of man is the perfect man.The third part appraises Max Scheler’s theory about the nature of humanbeing. Firstly, I point out the position of Max Scheler’s theory about thenature of human being in the whole western philosophy history. It makes MaxScheler be the founder of philosophical anthropology. moreover ,it enrichesand develops the research of human in western philosophy history. Secondly,
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