论文标题:梁启超产业经济思想研究
The Conceptual Design of a Certain Air-to-land Missile
论文作者 朱圆满
论文导师 郭汉民,论文学位 博士,论文专业 中国近现代史
论文单位 湖南师范大学,点击次数 67,论文页数 210页File Size12919k
2002-04-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_310691002/ 相控阵雷达,交互式多模型,资源调度,自适应采样周期,波束指向,波形选择
phased array radar,interactive multi-model,resources management,adaptive sample period,beam pointing,waveform selection
梁启超作为近代史上著名的思想家和宣传家，声名显赫，影响广泛，其令人眼花瞭乱的政治言论生涯，给中国的近代史抹上了一层绚丽的色彩，留下了多方面的历史影响。但迄今人们还较少注意到梁启超实际上还是近代史上一位少有的产业经济的言论大家，他的经济论述，不仅数量大，涉及面广，且不乏真知灼见之处，是近代最具影响力的经济理论家和宣传家；民国以后，他两度入阁，先后出任币制委员会委员、币制局总裁、财长总长等职，在其摇曳多姿的政治生涯中，这是一段非常重要的人生履历；担任内阁成员期间，作为当时产业经济政策的一个重要决策者和执行人，梁启超屡思在财经方面有所作为，但政局多变，其设想几乎无一实现，然而作为一种思想、学说，梁启超的经济议论在当时的影响是巨大的。 产业经济思想是梁启超经济思想的重要组成部分，但研究者们对这方面思想重视不够，梁启超所留下的大量有关文献，大都处于未清理状态，受到的学术关怀相当有限。这与学术界对于梁启超的政治、文化、学术思想研究的热闹情形相比形成了天壤之别，也与其曾经拥有过的广泛影响极不相称，不把这方面内容充分挖掘出来，梁启超作为涉猎广泛、学识渊博的思想家形象，似乎欠完整和丰满。并且，梁启超的产业经济思想，时代感强，理论性高，直至今天，仍有较高的学术价值，通过这项研究，我们可以从其产业经济分析中挖掘出许多适合中国国情的具体论断，得出颇有价值的结论，从而有利于发挥其应有的学术和社会价值，丰富和发展当代中国的产业经济理论，为重建中国本土经济学的学术传统提供重要的思想资源。 本论文的主要思路是：运用多学科相结合的研究方法，以马克思经济学说为指导，将梁启超的产业经济思想始终放置于近代产业经济所处的国内和国际两大经济环境之中，从梁启超关于产业经济的理论思考、实证研究及政策评议三个方面的内容入手，进行多层面多角度研究。笔者期望，通过本论文的写作，能够基本反映出梁启超产业经济思想的全貌和精神实质，并充分揭示其近代及当代意义。笔者的初步认识是，梁启超从产业经济思想角度提出了一系列富有价值的思想，很多结论深刻而正确，体现了相当高的西方经济学素养，对构建近代中国的本土经济学作出了突出贡献，是近代首屈一指的产业经济思想大家。 基于上述思路，并根据有关材料的分布情况，本论文共分为五个主要章节： 第一章导论，主要介绍此项研究的缘起和必要性，学术界的先行研究情况，以及笔者的写作思路和论文的内容安排。 第二章农业经济思想，包括农村土地思想、农业经营思想、农村市场问题等。在土地问题上，梁启超是土地私有制的积极维护者，但他并不绝对排斥土地国有制度，只是要求对于土地国有的范围进行严格限制，并且强调国家在土地开发中的重要推动作用.他否认中国存在土地高度集中现象，反对使用暴力强行改变土地所有制关系。在农业经营方面，梁启超以西方近代经济学为指导，对其家乡的农业经营活动进行了微观分析，对近代农业的未来发展方向进行了富有创意的思考，并对新形势下的农业经营的基本规律作了初步探讨。在农村市场方面，梁启超对于1910年湖南抢米风潮，从经济学视角作了精彩的深度阐释，他的分析表明，风潮发生是各种经济政治社会要素综合作用的结果，因而政府不能采取短视的应对政策。 第三章工商业经济思想，包括近代工商业的基本形势分析、发展工商业的基本主张等。梁启超发展近代工商业的基本思路是:从近代中国的国情出发，充分发挥和利用我国资源丰富和劳动力充裕的优势，积极引进外国智力，学习西方科技，取人之长，补己之短。在政府方面，确立工商导向的经济政策，助商护商而不抑商，积极发展私营民族工商业;在商民方面，加强学习，加强管理，提高自身素质，掌握一技之长。对外，改变封闭保守的政策，着眼国际市场，关注世界经济动态，充分利用国际资源，积极参与国际经济竞争;对内，尊重市场规律，打破国内封闭，鼓励竞争，鼓励投资。对于近代新型经济的发展，他认为必须着眼长远，立新破旧，对于发展中的阵痛，需有足够的心理承受力，不能因噎废食，止步不前。 第四章交通建设思想，包括交通建设的意义、近代交通形势、利用外资办交通、交通事业经营管理等。梁启超认为，交通建设，可以开风气，通利源，与经济发展之间存在着不可分割的互动关系，并对确立一个国家在世界经济版图中的地缘战略优势意义重大。对于近代中国的交通落后状态，梁启超有着清醒认识，他认为发展近代交通事业，必须解决好认识问题，加快政府职能的转变和完善，并加大政府政策的支持力度，还要发挥好乡村自治组织在交通建设中的积极作用，处理好利用外资办交通与维护本国经济利益的关系等等。关于交通事业的经营管理，必须坚持市场导向，以利为先，并具体分析比较了官办与商办交通的利弊，以及与铁路国有政策有关的保路运动问题等。 第五章产业组织理论，包括产业组织发生原因、外部环境、政策主张等。梁启超对于产业组织的本质?
Liang Qi-chao, the influence of whose political views as well as his expression of them upon history were of great value in Chinese modern history, was one of the most distinguished thinker and propagandist in the world. Seldom do people look into the fact that he was a rare master commentator on industrial economy. His works were lavish in volume, wide in range, and exuberant in knowledge and experience, which made him the most influential economic theorist and propagandist of modern society. He had a colorful political career --twice Cabinet member of the Republic of China, then member of Monetary Committee, President of Monetary Bureau and Minister of Finance; When being a Cabinet member, Liang was seeking contribution to the economy at that time, though nothing happened under that changeable political situation. However, as a kind of considered theory, his economic opinions influenced his time greatly.Now, with large amount of relevant reference still being sorted out or to be studied after his death, not enough attention is paid to his industrial economic theories, which were the most important part of his economic views. That"s a world sharply different from people"s busy study of his views on politics, culture and academy. It doesn"t conform to his widespread prestige. It seems that the image of Liang cannot be as a full-blown flower of knowledge unless we make a thorough study of his economic achievements. Moreover, his theory of industrial economy still helps to get concrete and valuable directions to realize its academic and social value, enrich and develop contemporary Chinese theory on industrial economy, serve as a source of native economic theory and contribute to its reestablishment in China.Train of thought: Guided by Marxist theory on economy, this article analyzed, investigated and commented on Liang"s industrial economy in the great economy both at home and abroad by the use of multi-scientific research method from many angles on different levels. The author expects this article can reflect the overall image and the internal nature of Liang"s theory and reveal what it means to modernand contemporary society. In the end the author concludes that Liang, who had put forward a series of constructive thoughts, which embody his contribution to the western economics as well as to the development of China"s native economics, is a real master of industrial economy in China.Based on the above train of thought and relevant references, this article is divided into five main chapters.The first chapter is a preface Introduces the reason and the necessity of this research, and the train of thought in writing as well as its main content apart from previous academic research.The second chapter rural economy includes a series of theory on rural land, agriculture management and rural market problems. Liang was of private land ownership mentality, on the other hand, he didn"t oppose the state ownership system which he thought must be strictly limited, he even emphasized the pushing effort of state to land development. He denied the fact that in China land ownership was highly concentrated, so he wasn"t in favor of violent act to change the situation. On agriculture management theory, Liang made micro observations of the practical system at his hometown. While exploring creatively its future orientation, he conceived many concrete ideas and made initial inquiry into its basic discipline under new circumstances. With regard to the rural market theory, Liang probed deep into the Rice-robbery Movement in Hunan in 1910 and his study attributed the movement to various factors of economy, politics and society of that time, to which the government should not take short-sighted measurement.The third chapter Industrial and commercial economy contains his analysis of modern industrial and commercial situation and his suggestion for further development. For the latter he advanced that based on the situation in modern society, China should take advantage of its rich nature and labor resources, introduce f
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