论文标题:科学修辞学方法探析
An Inquiry into the Method of the Rhetoric of Science
论文作者 陈燕丽
论文导师 张大松,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 科学技术哲学
论文单位 华中师范大学,点击次数 111,论文页数 55页File Size2369k
2005-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_312824772/ 科学修辞学方法;功能;启发性原则
the method of the rhetoric of science ; function; heuristic principle
20世纪的科学哲学经历了“语言学转向”、“解释学转向”和“修辞学转向”三大转向。伴随着科学哲学的“修辞学转向”,科学修辞学方法逐渐渗透和扩展到自然科学研究领域。科学修辞学方法是在引入修辞学分析的前提下,在科学解释学、科学社会学和科学哲学统一的基础上所产生的一种发明科学“语言战略”或“论述战略”的论辩或证明的方法论。全文围绕这个基点,对科学修辞学方法的功能进行了详细的论述,并在此基础上提出了科学修辞学方法的启发性原则。 第一部分是科学修辞学方法的概述。本文从修辞、修辞学的涵义入手,进而指出了科学修辞学方法的涵义及其特征。修辞学指的是一种“劝说艺术”,是一种在论辩中说服他人的技巧。而作为一种方法的科学修辞学,是指在引入修辞学分析的前提下,在科学解释学、科学社会学和科学哲学统一的基础上所产生的一种发明科学“语言战略”或“论述战略”的论辩或证明的方法论。科学修辞学方法具有解释学特征、劝服性特征和境遇鉴别特征。 第二部分具体分析了科学修辞学方法的功能。科学修辞学方法在科学中的应用有助于提高科学论述的有效性,有助于发现科学争论中未发掘的潜在思想等等。总体来说,它在科学发现、科学论述、科学争论中都发挥了重要的认识论作用。其功能也主要体现在科学的论证功能、科学论述的发明功能以及科学理论的构造和发展功能。科学的论证功能主要表现在它可以通过形象的、通俗易懂的例证对科学理论进行论证和解释;科学论述的发明功能主要表现在战略发明、主题发明和共同体发明三个方面;科学修辞学方法对科学理论的构造和发展功能主要是通过隐喻来实现的。 第三部分是科学修辞学方法的合理性和局限性。科学修辞学方法弥补了传统方法论的不足,推动了科学方法论范式的转换,丰富了科学认识论的内容,
The twentieth century philosophy of science has experienced three turns: language turn, hermeneutic turn, rhetoric turn. With the rhetoric turn, the method of the rhetoric of science has gradually permeated through and expanded into the science research area. Under the premise of rhetoric analyses, on the basis of scientific hermeneutic, scientific sociology, and scientific philosophy, the method is invented, which is also a debate and testify methodology used in the scientifical language stratage or argument stratage. The essay analyses the function of scientific rhetoric methodology in details, and put forward its heuristic principle.The first part mainly summarize the scientifical rhetoric method. Compare with the definition of rhetoric, the author introduced the definition and characteristic of scientific rhetorical methodology. In this passage, Rhetoric means an art of persuasive, a skill of convincing other people in the argument. Scientific rhetoric method is invented under the premise of rhetoric analyses, on the basis of scientific hermeneutic, scientific sociology and scientific philosophy .In that case, this method has the features of hermeneutic, persuasive and circumstance identify.For the second part, the author concentrates on the function of scientific rhetoric method, which can be helpful in the society usage, improving the efficiency of scientific argument, finding out the potential idea in scientific argument as well. Generally speaking, the method played an very important role in scientific discovery, discuss, and demonstration. Moreover, it is important in the scientific argument, which helps to discuss by visual and informal examples. And invention, mainly reveals in the field of stratage, topic and organization creation. As well as them, the construction and development function mainly realized in the way of metaphor.
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