论文标题:中国经济制度变迁中的民有经济研究
On Basic Systems of International Bio-safety Law
论文作者 肖晖
论文导师 王珏,论文学位 博士,论文专业 政治经济学
论文单位 中共中央党校,点击次数 85,论文页数 147页File Size1005k
2004-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_315295852/ 劳动者个人财产权;民有经济;运行基础;人本化;
economic system vicissitudes;personal proprietary of laborer ;the mass-owned economy; foundation of socialist market economic operation ;people first
论文的主题是发展和壮大推动中国经济制度变迁的基础力量——民有经济，构造社会主义市场经济运行的基础。本论文第一章构建起一个新制度经济学与马克思主义制度变迁理论之比较的分析视角。意在指出，尽管马克思主义制度变迁理论与新制度经济学制度变迁理论在研究对象、研究目的、研究方法存在区别，但是二者还是有内在联系的：在研究对象上，马克思主义的制度研究是科学地研究和说明制度变迁理论的前提与认识基础；新制度经济学的制度研究是使制度变迁进一步走向实证层面和操作层面的通道。将两种研究方式相结合，能够克服现有政治经济学体系各执一端、缺乏沟通，甚至相互对立的缺陷，构建起既具有研究社会经济运动基础和本质的优势，又具有研究社会经济运动的制度实现形式的优势；在研究目的上，虽然二者分别揭示和反映了经济制度变迁和制度实现形式变迁的客观规律。但社会经济变迁从整体上看就是经济制度变迁与其制度形式变迁的统一，因此，只有研究揭示经济制度变迁的现状、发展趋势及其对制度实现形式的客观要求，才能制定有效率的制度实现形式，提高制度运行效率，并及时矫正错误的或过时的制度安排；在研究方法上，辩证唯物主义方法和新制度经济学的交易成本方法都分别完成了在各自研究领域研究方法的革命和创新，从而顺利实现了各自的研究目的。但传统社会主义经济学的研究侧重于论证社会主义经济制度的历史必然性与优越性的分析，而疏于对社会主义经济制度与制度实现形式现状的分析。这种研究状况使社会主义经济学的研究结论远离我国社会生产力水平和生产关系实际，在现实之中显得捉襟见肘、力不从心，难以满足社会主义建设对社会主义经济学的理论需要。因此我们不仅要坚持运用辩证唯物主义方法，而且要正确认识、评价和积极引进新制度经济学的交易成本方法。运用这一方法，将社会主义经济制度实现形式与社会主义社会的现实生产力状况联系起来加以研究，将社会主义经济制度实现形式范畴作为决定我国社会主义经济运行效率的内生的、实证的因素加以研究，构建起在中国国情条件下行之有效的制度安排理论。本论文第二章进入找寻中国经济制度变迁的关键点的分析。改革开放以来，我国的经济制度正在经历由社会主义计划经济向社会主义市场经济制度的变迁。简言之，如果从制度变迁的逻辑运行上看经济制度变迁是一个配套的整体性改革，它涵盖了宏观调控制度的市场化变迁、微观运行机制的市场化变迁以及市场主体变迁三个方面的内容，即推进政府宏观调控的制度变迁的关键在于微观运行机制的形成与完善，微观经济运行机制的形成与完善关键在于明确市场主体是谁的问题，而国有企业能成为市场经济运行的微观基础吗？回答显然是否定的。如果从制度变迁的逻辑架构上看，经济制度变迁包括制度变迁目标的生成、变迁主体的培育以及变迁制度的制度供给三个方面，通过相关分析得出，制度变迁的关键点是要确立和保护明晰的劳动者的个人财产权。本论文第三章进入以体现劳动者个人财产权精髓的民有经济的分析。文章从民有经济的历史生成、内涵、实现形式、特征以及运行机制等方面来考察这一制度安排，得出它是在国家不遗余力地扶持国有经济的背景下生成的，它不仅不是国家政策有心栽花的结果，而且一直被视为异类给予压制和排挤。但它不仅没有消失，而是更加壮大，这只能说明，民有经济在生成的逻辑上是一种历史的必然。据此不难推断，民有经济有着强大的生命力和穿透力，那么将其作为市场经济制度运行的基础就是再自然不过的事情。接着文章就民有经济与市场化进程的互动关系进行理论和实证两个方面的分析，得出民有化的产权不仅是经济市场化的基础和更是它的要求。本论文第四章就发展民有经济的路径和现存的制约民有经济发展的市场准入制度约束、融资制度约束、产权保护制度约束以及进行了深刻分析。文章先对发展民有经济的两条路径即体制内发展和体制外成长进行了相应的成本——收益分析，得出体制外成长的逻辑必然性以及在下一个改革阶段，即在“深水区”的改革阶段，市场化程度的推进意味着改革要进入体制内发展，要实现从体制外成长向体制内发展的跃迁，而这一跃迁的结果不仅是所有制结构的焕然一新，更是中国市场经济运行基础的置换，而实现这一目的的最佳路径莫过于发展混合所有制；另外，文章还从宏观上对制约民有经济发展的市场准入、融资制度、产权保护等方法进行了的分析和思考。本论文第五章就民有经济的发展壮大对中国经济制度变迁基本走向所产生的影响——以人为本，即产权民有化、民有基础化、富裕共同化的影响作了理论和现实以及实现路径的思考。本文认为正是由于劳动者个人财产权的确立，才使得民有经济蓬勃发展并极大地推动了中国经济制度变迁的历史进程，并由此也决定了制度变迁的基本走向不是消灭对财富的占有，而是要使劳动者从单纯依靠劳动为生的人，发展成为既参与劳动又拥有财产的人，这是社会主义经济制度变迁必然趋势，而这一路径的实现必须交给广大的劳动者，使他们成为所有者、有产者，从而也就成为社会主义资产激励约束机制的强大社会基础。
The theme of the thesis is to develop and strengthen the basic force which promote China"s economy system vicissitudes --the mass-owned economy , and to construct the foundation of socialist market economic operation . The chapter 1 of the thesis is to construct an analysis visual angle of the comparison between the new institution economics and the system vicissitude theory of Marxism. It means, though the differences exist in research object, research purpose and research approach between system vicissitude theory of Marxism and system vicissitude theory of new institution economics, that the two have inner links : at research object, the former scientifically study and illustrate prerequisite and recognizing foundation of the system vicissitude theory; the latter is to make system vicissitudes move towards the passway of positive and operational aspect further. Combination two research ways can overcome defects of the existing political economy system ---each holding one end , lacking communications , and even setting each other against, and have both foundation ,essential advantages and system-realizing-form advantages of studying the social economic movement. In studying the purpose , though the two have announced and reflected the objective laws both the economic system vicissitude and the system-realizing-form vicissitude respectively, social economic vicissitude, as a whole, is a unity of the economic system vicissitude and system-realizing-form vicissitude. As a result, only if we announce current situation of economic system vicissitudes, developing trend and the objective request for the system-realizing-form by research, the efficient system-realizing-form could be laid down , the operational efficiency of the system could be improved, and wrong or out-of-date system arrangement could be corrected in time. On the research approach, the dialectical materialism methods and transactional cost methods of new system economics have finished the revolution and innovation of the research approach in the respective research field, thus have realized one"s own research purposes smoothly. But the research of traditional socialist economics lays particular emphasis on the historical necessity and superiority of proving the socialist economic system , and is negligent of the analysis to the socialist economic system and current situation of system-realizing-form. This research state makes the research conclusion of socialist economics far away from the social productivity level and reality of production relations of our country. It seems awkward , unable to do what one wishes , and difficult to meet socialist construction need to socialist theory of economics. So we should not only insist on using the dialectical materialism method , but also correctly recognize , appraise and actively introduce the transaction-cost method of new institution economics . By this method, only if we will link the way of realization of socialist economic system with reality productivity state of the socialist society to study , and will regard category of realizing way of socialist economic system as an inner and positive factor ,which determines our socialist economic operational efficiency , to study, the theory of an effectual system arrange under China"s actual conditions could be constructed. The chapter 2 analyzes the key factors of China"s economic system vicissitudes. Since reform and opening-up, the economic system of our country has been gone through the system vicissitudes from the socialist planning economic system to socialist market economy system. Looking from the logic operation of system vicissitude, in brief, if conomic system vicissitude is a supporting entire reform , which contains three parts of content of macro-controlling system vicissitudes, market-based vicissitude of a micro-operating mechanism and vicissitude of market subject, namely , the key of advancing the system vicissitude of government"s macro-adjustment-and-control lies in the forming and perfection of micro-operating mechanism, while the
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