论文标题:新疆贫困地区反贫困研究
Studies on Anti-poverty in Xinjiang Depressed Area
论文作者
论文导师 陈彤；牛刚,论文学位 博士,论文专业 农业经济管理
论文单位 新疆农业大学,点击次数 32,论文页数 312页File Size5546K
2006-09-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_32847997/
Impoverished;; counter- impoverished ;;Xinjiang
在当今世界经济发展中,贫困始终是困扰人类社会进步的重大问题。反贫困研究一直是各国关注的热点和难点。尤其是发展中国家,面临减少贫困的巨大压力,因此,反贫困已成为各国政府执政、协调各界层关系和利益的依据。 中国作为发展中国家之一,一直致力于贫困地区的发展。并且取得了显著效过。自20世纪80年代末以来,贫困,尤其是农村的贫困成为中国政府及理论工作者关注的重要领域。新疆作为少数民族和边疆地区,国家给予了重点扶持,绝对贫困人口总数显著下降。但是,新疆返贫率高,要从根本上缓解贫困,建设全面小康社会,还有很多问题需要进一步深入研究。为此,本研究采取了实证分析与规范分析相结合,定性分析与定量分析相结合,微观分析与宏观分析相结合、比较分析方法和经济计量分析方法,对新疆贫困地区反贫困问题进行系统的研究。 本研究共分三大部分。 第一部分,理论篇,包括第一、二、三章。首先从概念上阐述了贫困与反贫困的内涵与外延,分别阐述了中国及西方产生反贫困思想的渊源。为新疆贫困地区反贫困研究奠定基础。 第二部分,比较篇,包括第四、五、六、七章。第四章选择了世界上经济发达的英国、美国、德国和日本四个国家,从分析产生反贫困动因的历史背景入手,系统研究各国反贫困策略。第五章选择了印度、孟加拉国和巴西三个发展中国家,剖析产生贫困的历史成因,系统总结这三个国家反贫困实践的经验和教训。第六、七章主要是对中国贫困与反贫困的分析与概括,首先分析了导致中国贫困的历史成因,将中国的反贫困进程划分为六个阶段,该部分回顾中国在反贫困中取得的主要成效,理清研究新疆贫困地区反贫困的宏观背景。 第三部分,实践篇,包括第八、九、十、十一、十二、十三章。第八章对疆历史变迁进行系统的归纳和分析,得出政治动乱是导致新疆贫困落后的主要原因。第九章对对新疆近20多年反贫困经验进行总结,归纳出九种积极有效的反贫困模式。第十章对新疆政府反贫困资金进行分类,采用相关回归分析,在其他因素为零的条件下,每投入1亿人民币,可使18.6265万人脱贫。北疆的政府反贫困资金使用效益要好于南疆。第十一章系统采用国际通行的贫困缺口率、森指数法、洛伦茨曲线和基尼系测定方法对新疆目前的贫困状况进行测定。第十二章借鉴日本著名经济学家速水次郎的“诱致性技术创新模型”,提出了“抑制诱致性技术创新模型”。第十三章提出新时期反贫困机制和策略的选择,即建立以贫困群体为主的自下而上的反贫困机制,通过实施立法、通路、预警、限土、节水、放权、重教、重科、节育措施谋求长期可持续发展道路。
In the current world economic development, the impoverished problem is always the major issue which puzzles the human society progresses. Counter- impoverished investigation is always every- country’s key research and difficulty. Particularly in developing nation, faced with huge pressure. So the anti-poverty had become various countries" government being in power, the coordinated from all walks of life level relations and the benefit basis As one of developing nations, continuously devotes to the impoverished local development question, and has obtained the remarkable effect. Sine the end of 1980’s 20century, the poverty problem, especially the problem which exists around countryside becomes the very import fields on which makes the government and theoretical researchers focus. Xinjiang took the national minority and the border area , the country has given the key support, absolutely impoverished population remarkable drop. But, Xinjiang returns poorly rate is high, must fundamentally alleviate impoverished, constructs the comprehensive well-off society, but also has very many questions to need further thoroughly to study. Therefore, this research has adopted the real diagnosis analysis and the standard analysis unifies, the qualitative analysis and the quantitative analysis unify, the microscopic analysis and the macroscopic analysis unify, the comparative analysis method and the economical measurement analysis method, carries on the system to the Xinjiang impoverished area counter- impoverished question the research. This research altogether is divided three major parts. First part, theory, including 1, 2, 3 chapters. First elaborated from the concept impoverished with the counter-impoverished connotation and the extension, separately elaborated China and the west have the counter- impoverished thought origin. Lays the foundation for the Xinjiang impoverished area counter-impoverished research. Second part, compared with, including 4, 5, 6, 7 chapters. Fourth chapter has chosen in the world economical developed England, American, German and the Japanese four countries, has the counter- impoverished agent historical background from the analysis to obtain, system research various countries counter- impoverished strategy. Fifth chapter has chosen Indian, Bangladesh and the Brazilian three developing nations, has the impoverished historical background from the analysis to obtain, system research various countries counter- impoverished strategy. Sixth, seven chapters mainly are to China impoverished with the counter- impoverished analysis and the summary, first analyzed has caused the Chinese impoverished history origin, China"s counter-impoverished advancement division will be six stages, this part reviewed China in the main result which counter- was impoverished obtains, cleared off studies the Xinjiang impoverished area counter-impoverished macroscopic background. Third part, practice, including 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13chapters. Eighth chapter carries on the system to boundary history vicissitude the induction and the analysis, obtains the political turmoil is causes the Xinjiang impoverished backwardness the main reason. Ninth chapter to carries on the summary to the Xinjiang nearly more than 20 years counter- impoverished experiences, induces nine kind of positive effective counter- impoverished patterns. Tenth chapter carries on the classification to the Xinjiang government counter- impoverished fund, uses the correlation regression analysis, in other factors for under the zero condition, every time invests 100million Renminbi, may cause 186,265 people to escape from poverty. The northern border government counter- impoverished fund use benefit wants good Yu Najiang. The 11th chapter system uses the international general impoverished gap rate, the Sen - Index, the Lorenz curve and the Guinea is determines the method to carry on the determination to the Xinjiang at present impoverished condition. 12th chapter profits from the Japanese renowned economist Sushuiyouciliang "cause the technical innovation model", proposed "the suppression cause technology innovation model". 13thchapter proposed the new time counter- impoverished mechanism and the strategy choice, namely the establishment by the impoverished community primarily from basic unit to top counter- impoverished mechanism, through the implementation legislation, the circuit, the early warning, limits the earth, saves water, releases authority, value science and teaches, the birth control measure again seeks the long-term sustainable development way.
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