论文标题:发音抑制和分配注意对短时记忆中视觉信息整合的影响
The Effects of Articulatory Suppression anD Divided Attention on Integration of Visual Information in the Short-term Memory
论文作者 蒋冬红
论文导师 鲁忠义,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 基础心理学
论文单位 河北师范大学,点击次数 122,论文页数 54页File Size2442k
2003-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_335197142/ 发音抑制;分配注意;视觉工作记忆;客体表征
articulatory suppression,divided attention,visual working memory,object representation
本文研究了发音抑制和分配注意对短时记忆中相同维度和不同维度的视觉信息整合表征的影响。被试为河北师范大学以及河北交通职业技术学院的学生，共180名。三种次级任务条件为无次级任务、发音抑制以及计算的次级任务，为组间设计。实验一中，测试在这三种次级任务条件中被试对不同数量(2，4，6)的三种不同记忆材料(单颜色的大方块、单颜色的小方块以及大小嵌套的双颜色方块)的短时记忆成绩。实验二和三分别测试在这三种次级任务条件中被试对不同数量(3，6)的客体的两个特征信息及其特征捆绑信息的短时记忆成绩。用MANOVA分析了不同实验条件的检测成绩发现，发音抑制和分配注意在相同维度特征的整合表征中无显著作用，在不同维度特征的整合表征中，发音抑制只对颜色和位置特征的捆绑信息的短时记忆起到显著的损伤作用，分配注意对颜色与位置特征的捆绑信息和形状与位置的捆绑信息的短时记忆都起到显著的损伤作用。同时，还比较了在发音抑制条件中两种特征信息的记忆成绩与两种特征的捆绑信息的记忆成绩，发现捆绑信息的成绩低于两种特征信息的记忆成绩，表明捆绑信息与特征信息可能是由不同的机制贮存的，支持双贮存机制假设。
Studied the effects of the articulatory suppression and divided attention on the integration of visual features from the same dimension and different dimensions in the short-term memory. Subjects were 180 students (Exp1, Exp2, and Exp3) in Hebei Normal University and Hebei Communications Vocational & Technical College. The 3 types of secondary tasks were no secondary task, articulatory suppression, and calculation task. In experiment 1, a change-detection paradigm using 2, 4, or 6 objects defined by colors was used to investigate the conjunction of colors in short-term memory, and in experiment 2 and 3, using 3 or 6 objects defined by location with color or shape was used to investigate binding in short-term memory. The integration of visual features in short-term memory was studied in an analysis of the accurate rates at different secondary task conditions, different set sizes, and different detection tasks with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results showed that neither the articulatory suppression nor divided attention affected the conjunction of the features from the same dimension, that the articulatory suppression maybe affect binding between the features from different dimensions, and that the decrement in binding between the features from different dimensions occurred with divided attention. At the same time, the results showed that the features from the same dimension compete for capacity, whereas features from different dimensions can be stored in parallel. Binding between these features can occur, but focused attention is required to create and maintain the binding over time, and this integrated format is vulnerable to interference.
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