论文标题:基于RS和GIS土壤含水量空间分布模拟研究
Research on Emulation of Distributional Law of Soil Water Contents in Various Stands of Small Watershed Based on RS & GIS
论文作者 王迪海
论文导师 全志杰,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 森林经理学
论文单位 西北农林科技大学,点击次数 135,论文页数 59页File Size4216k
2003-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_3467917/ 遥感;地理信息系统;数字高程模型;土壤含水量
DEM;water contents in various stands;RS;GIS
基于RS和GIS土壤含水量空间分布模拟，可以快速、准确地获取流域内各地块的土壤含水量信息，为流域信息管理系统提供重要数据，对流域的管理具有重要意义。本文应用RS和GIS技术，构建陕西省淳化县泥河沟流域数字高程模型和空间数据库；依据典型样地土壤含水量实测数据，应用数量化理论Ⅰ建立该流域土壤含水量空间分布模拟模型；在此基础上，实现该流域土壤含水量空间分布模拟。取得的研究结果如下： 1．通过彩红外航片目视解译制图，绘制了泥河沟流域林地、草地、农地分布图。以MAPGIS6.0为主要软件平台，建立数字高程模型，绘制了泥河沟流域坡度和坡向图。在此基础上，建立了陕西省淳化县泥河沟流域空间数据库(包括图形数据库、属性数据库及图像数据库)，为该流域的管理提供了重要的基础数据。 2．影像增强处理有利于准确地进行遥感影像的判读。应用MATLAB5.2软件，对泥河沟流域彩红外航片进行影像增强处理，比较分析了直方图均衡化、线性扩展、对数曲线扩展和指数曲线扩展等图像增强方法的影像增强效果。 3．通过立地因子分析，可以比较全面地掌握流域内立地因子分布特点，为抽样调查中典型样地的选取和造林规划设计等提供科学依据。本文以泥河沟流域空间数据库为基础，对该流域进行立地因子分析，得出该流域坡度、坡向和土地覆盖类型等立地因子分布特点。 4．依据典型样地土壤含水量实测数据，应用数量化理论Ⅰ，建立了泥河沟流域土壤含水量模拟模型。 5．应用小流域土壤含水量空间分布模拟图可以快速获取流域内各地块的土壤含水量信息。本文通过泥河沟流域土壤含水量空间分布模拟，自动生成了林地、草地、农地土壤含水量空间分布模拟图，为该流域的管理提供了重要数据。 6．由土壤含水量空间分布模拟图得出的泥河沟流域林地、草地、农地土壤含水量空间分布特点与与前人标准地调查所得出的研究结果基本一致。但是，与单纯的标准地调查方法相比，基于RS和GIS土壤含水量空间分布模拟方法则更加快速，对于小流域的动态管理具有重要意义。
To emulate the distributional law of soil water contents based on RS & GIS can get information about the soil humidity of plot in a watershed quickly and accurately. The paper gives an example of this method. Applies RS and GIS to built DEM of NiHe watershed in ShaanXi of China. Then makes use of the experiment data of water contents in various stands with site conditions of NiHe watershed and applies multiple statistical regression to get emulation model that describe the function relation of water contents in various stands with site conditions. Last, applies DEM and the emulation model to emulate the distributional law of water contents in various stands of this watershed. The conclusion is as follows:1. Based on image interpretation, we get the distribution map of the woodland, the lawn and the farmland in the NiHe watershed. Applying MAPGIS6.0, we get the DEM and the spatial-database of this watershed. These data are very important for the management of the watershed.2. There are 6 major land-use classes ( field, orchard, woodland, grassplot, residential area, and road)in the aerial pictures of NiHe watershed. Applying MATLAB5.2, we analyze the image enhancement effect of these land-use classes by using the histeq and imadjust etc.3. Based on the analysis of stands of this watershed, we get the slope of soil and aspect distributional information of this watershed. This information is very important for the investigation of the water contents in various stands.4. Based on the investigation of the water contents in various stands of this watershed, we get the emulation model of the NiHe watershed.5. By emulating the distributional law of water contents in various stands based on RS & GIS, we get the emulate distribution map of the water contents in various stands. We can get the information of water contents of a plot quickly by using this map. It is very important for the management of watershed.6. We get the distributional law of water contents in various stands of the NiHe watershed by emulate method based on RS & GIS. It is same to the result that other people had get from investigation of this watershed. But the emulate method is more quickly.
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