论文标题:从德国功能翻译理论看对外宣传材料汉译英
On English Translation of Chinese Publicity Materials from the Perspectives of German Functionalist Approaches
论文作者
论文导师 徐敏慧,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 英语语言文学
论文单位 中国海洋大学,点击次数 165,论文页数 75页File Size549K
2007-06-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_365223417/
functionalist approaches;; English translation;; Chinese/English city introductions;;instrumental translation
随着全球化的发展,越来越多的汉语城市介绍被翻译成英语。然而,长久以来由于种种原因,这些对外宣传材料的译文质量参差不齐。一些译文中的“中式英语”严重阻碍了国际交流,削弱了对外宣传的效果。本文从德国功能翻译的角度探讨汉语城市介绍的英译和提高译文质量的途径。 关于对外宣传材料的英译,许多专家学者从不同的角度做过许多有价值的研究。他们的研究大大促进了汉语外宣材料英译的发展。但是他们的研究并没有充分考虑到翻译的目的、参与者及译文的预期功能,带有一定的局限性。德国功能翻译理论突破了以对等为基础的语言学翻译理论,拓展了研究范围,为翻译研究提供了崭新的视角。翻译的目的在翻译过程中起到了指导性的作用。涉及到翻译过程的参与者,功能主义者优先考虑发起人和目标语接受者。在翻译过程中,处于其特定的文化语境中的预期目标语接受者成为一个决定性的因素。翻译中的指导原则—目的原则和忠诚原则是最高原则,它们决定了翻译策略究竟应该选择文献型还是工具型。功能主义者推翻了传统的翻译标准—对等论,提出了新的标准—合适。只有实现预期功能的目标语文本才算得上是合适的译文。 既然感染型文本的译文形式通常是以目标语为导向的,因此有必要进行中英文城市介绍的对比性研究。对比研究是从风格常规、总体文体常规和文化常规等方面展开以找出它们之间的差异。汉语城市英译的目的是产生一个对于英语接受者有交际意义的文本,介绍有关中国的信息,提升中国的形象并吸引为了特定目的来中国的英语接受者。预期的文本功能是信息型和感染型。 关于汉语城市介绍的英译,作者试图从以下方面研究:特定文本层面(包括风格常规和总体文体常规)、语用层面、文化层面(包括文化负载词和特定文化常规)和语言层面。每一层面又可以细分为更详细的部分。尽管中英文城市介绍之间存在着巨大的差异,只要遵循翻译的目的和功能,最佳的译文就可以得到。同时,英语平行文本的常规和预期读者的社会文化背景知识、期待、感知及世界知识也应考虑在内。在论文中,大量的合适的译文例子和翻译错误被用来证明论点。 本文包括六章。第一章是序言,介绍了此项研究的背景、意义和所采用的研究方法。第二章是文献综述部分,简要介绍了前人对于汉语外宣材料英译的研究,从而确定了本文研究的出发点。第三章详细地分析了研究的理论基础—德国功能翻译理论,其中包括赖斯的文本类型说、曼塔里的翻译行为理论、弗米尔的目的论和诺德的功能加忠诚理论。翻译的指导性原则、翻译策略和合适的概念做了重点论述。第四章对于汉语与英语城市介绍进行了平行性文本的对比性研究。研究主要是从风格常规、总体文体常规和文化常规等角度,对于汉语与英语城市介绍的特征做了概括。第五章是正文部分,详细介绍了汉语城市介绍的功能翻译。每一层面又可以细分成许多小的部分并且用丰富的实例来论证。功能翻译主要从文本、文化、语用和语言学等层面对汉语城市介绍的英译进行了研究。第六章是以前面章节为基础的结论部分,对于汉语城市介绍的英译研究进行了总结。
With the development of the globalization, more and more Chinese city introductions are translated into English. However, due to various reasons for a long time, the quality of translation of publicity materials is uneven. Some Chinglish in the translation hinders the international communication seriously and reduces the effect of publicity to foreigners. This paper advocates English translation of Chinese city introductions from the perspectives of German functionalist approaches and attempts to improve the quality of the translation. Many experts and scholars from different perspectives have done numerous valuable researches into English translation of Chinese publicity materials. Their researches are of great value in that they can shed light on and boost English translation of Chinese publicity materials. But their studies don’t take the purpose, the participants and functions of the translation into full account. German functionalist approaches break through the previous equivalence-based linguistic translation theories, widen the research scope and offer new perspectives for translation studies. The Skopos or purpose of the translation plays a guiding role in the translation process. As far as the participants of translational action are concerned, functionalist approaches give priority to the roles of the initiator and target receivers. The intended target receiver in a specific cultural context is a decisive factor in translating. Of the guiding rules of translation, the Skopos rule and loyalty rule are the top ranking rules for a translation which may determine which strategy to be employed: documentary or instrumental one. Functionalists overthrow the traditional translation criterion—equivalence, and put forward a new one—adequacy. It is an adequate translation only if the target text fulfills its intended functions. Since the translation of the operative text is usually adapted to TT-orientation, it is necessary to do the comparative study between Chinese and English city introductions. A comparative study is made from the aspects of genre conventions, general style conventions and cultural conventions to find out the differences between them. The intended purpose of C/E translation of city introductions is to reproduce a communicative text for English receivers, introduce the information about China, promote the image of China and attract the English receivers to China for a particular aim. The intended functions of TT are informative and operative. As to the study of English translation of Chinese city introductions in this thesis, the author attempts to study from the aspects of text-specific level (genre conventions and general style conventions included), pragmatic level, cultural aspects (culture-loaded words and specific cultural conventions included) and linguistic level. Each category is subdivided into more detailed ones. Although there are great differences between Chinese and English city introductions, an optimal translation can be done as long as the purpose and function of the translation are complied with. Meanwhile, the conventions of English parallel texts and the intended addressees’socialcultural backgrounds, expectations, sensitivity or world knowledge should be taken into consideration. Plenty of adequate examples and translation errors are given to illustrate the point. This dissertation consists of six chapters. Chapter One is the introduction of the thesis, which presents the research background, significance of the study and the research methodology. In Chapter Two, a sketchy review of the previous researches related to English translation of Chinese publicity materials is presented with the purpose to identify the starting point of this research. In Chapter Three, functionalist approaches, employed as the theoretical foundation of the present research, is analyzed in detail. The detailed analyses include Reiss’s theory of text typology, Manttari’s theory of translational action, Vermeer’s Skopotheorie and Nord’s theory of function plus loyalty, of which the guiding rules of translation, the translation strategies and the concept of adequacy are also involved. Chapter Four is contributed to a comparative study of C/E city introductions. After a contrastive study from the aspects of genre, general style and cultural conventions, distinctive features of C/E translation of publicity materials are to be concluded for further research. Chapter Five, the main body of this thesis, is presented with the functional translation of city introductions. The functional translation is chiefly studied from text-specific level, cultural aspects, pragmatic and linguistic levels. Each category is subdivided into detailed ones with abundant examples to illustrate the point. In Chapter Six, a conclusion, based on the studies in the previous chapters, is made about English translation of Chinese city introductions.
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