论文标题:未来竞争力与先进制造技术在航空工业中的应用
Study on the Theory and Practice of Modern City Agriculture
论文作者 曾还明
论文导师 张宁俊,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 工商管理
论文单位 西南财经大学,点击次数 149,论文页数 59页File Size211k
2001-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_3786277/ 企业竞争力 信息技术 先进制造技术 计算机集成制造
Enterprise Competitiveness, Information Technology, Advanced Manufacturing Technology,Computer Integrated Manufacturing.
当前，制造业水平的高低已成为一个国家经济发展水平的重要标志，是一个国家和企业竞争力的集中体现。制造业是社会财富的主要来源，世界经济的竞争归根到底是制造技术和制造能力的竞争，谁掌握了先进制造技术，谁就能更好地占领市场，就能在市场中立于不败之地。本文从分析企业竞争环境的改变入手，阐述了信息技术对于提升企业竞争力的意义，以及对信息技术的积极投入和开发对一个国家和企业发展的极其重要的作用。第二部分通过对制造模式的变革研究，引出了信息时代最先进的制造模式的理念，其核心概念为计算机集成制造（CIM）以及其物理实现形式计算机集成制造系统（CIMS）。作为企业计算机应用的最高层次的CIMS工程，其技术难度是众所周知的。然而，更重要的是CIMS将先进信息技术、先进制造技术与先进管理思想有机地结合在一起，对企业管理机制和运行方式的要求，这才是CIMS建设的精髓和成功的关键，这也是本文用一定篇幅去分析研究制造模式变革的目的所在。本论文的重点是第三部分计算机集成制造系统（CIMS），落脚点放在结合成都飞机公司（以下简称成飞）应用的实践，提出了信息集成是解决我国企业实施CIMS的一条最主要的途径的观点。而我国企业在信息集成上主要面临着七个方面的主要障碍，围绕着这些问题的解决，主要思路有：利用先进制造技术的基本理念，即计算机集成制造系统（CIMS）以及在它基础上派生出的其他先进制造系统技术，如并行工程、精益生产、虚拟制造和敏捷制造等，充分结合国情，厂情提出了指导思想（管理哲学）、实施策略、对策建议等等。具体包括：实施CIMS最主要的是利用其先进管理思想。以人为本的观点，不要盲目追求底层设备的自动化，应努力寻求人、机、技术和管理的有机集成。人的因素是成功实施CIMS的关键，实施CIMS应充分体现“一把手原则”。以及将体制创新与CIMS结合起来，将企业技术改造与实施CIMS战略结合起来等。并就我国国有企业在当前经济体制改革不断深化的进程中，企业的内外部环境激烈变化，各业务部门信息接口难于稳定清晰的条件下，如何去推动我们的各项工作等问题，进行了有意义的探索。本文的研究方法主要采用实证分析的方法，结合成都飞机公司CIMS应用实际情况并借鉴国内外尤其是航空企业的应用实例，意图在于“他山之石，可以攻玉”，为我国企业实施先进制造技术，总结提炼出可资借鉴的经验和方向，以便坚定我们实施先进制造技术的决心。同时，结合实际，因地制宜的推进企业的改造，改组。由于国外发达国家在实施先进制造技术方面常常是从军工企业开始的，本文多处以波音公司飞机制造的应用实例作为启发，可以这样说，实证分析和航空工业方面的应用实例是本论文研究方法和结构内容上的一个最主要的特色，希望本文能对我国正在研究或实施先进制造技术的企业有所帮助。
For the present time, manufacturing level has become an important mark of national economic development level; it intensively represents a country or an enterprise "s competitiveness. Manufacturing is the main source of social wealth; mastering Advanced Manufacturing Technology means holding market and being invincible in the market competition.Starting from analyzing the changes of enterprises" competitive environment, this text expounds the significance of Information Technology for improving Enterprise Competitiveness and its important role for a country or an enterprise. By studying the changes of manufacturing mode, the second part puts forward the most advanced idea about manufacturing mode whose core conception is Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS) and its physical realization form. Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS) is the highest-level project of computer application in enterprises whose difficulty in technique is well known. But we cannot ignore CIM"s requirements for enterprises" management mechanism and operation ways, this is the key to CIMS"s success, this is also why this text analyzes and studies the changes of manufacturing mode. This text" emphasis is the third part about Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS), which puts forward this viewpoint that information integration is the most important way of the exercise of CIM in enterprises in China. These enterprises face seven obstacles in information integration. In order to get rid of these obstacles, the following thoughts are formed: By means of the basic idea of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT)-- Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS) and other derivative forms of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT) such as Concurrent Engineering (CE), Lean Production, Virtual Manufacturing (VM), and Agile Manufacturing (AM), a series of guidance thoughts and implementation strategy is put forward with full consideration of national and enterprise"s actual situation. To be more specifically, it includes: the most important aspect of the implementation of CIM is to utilize its most advanced management thought-----human oriented point without blindly pursuing automation of base equipment but organic integration of human, machine, technology and management. Human factor is key to success and leadership principle should be fully represented in the exercise of CIM. Besides, system innovation and CIM, technology reform and CIM should be combined. Also, this text makes the significant exploration on how to propel our work on the condition that enterprises" inner and outer environments are changing abruptly with the deepening of economic system reform.This text mainly adopts the method of instance analysis that combines the actual application situation of Chengdu Aircraft Corporation and the application instances of aviation enterprises both at home and abroad. Its aim is to present those experiences and ways we can draw on for the exercise of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT) in China. Through this, we can be firm in our resolution and boost enterprises" transformation and reorganization. Because of the fact that the developed countries" exercise of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT) is begun from enterprises of war industry, this text uses application instances of aircraft manufacturing in Boeing Company. We can say that instance analysis and application instances in aviation industries are the feature of studying method and content arrangement of this text. We hope that this text will give some help to those enterprises who embark on studying or implementing Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT).
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