论文标题:焦炉加热优化串级调控技术的研究及应用
Research and Application of Excellent Cascade Control Technology in Coke Furnace"s Heating System
论文作者
论文导师 彭岚；张初永,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 动力工程
论文单位 重庆大学,点击次数 633,论文页数 90页File Size8000K
2006-10-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_3824177/
Coke Oven; Series-Step Control; Mathematics Model; Feed-Forward; Feedback
焦炉是冶金行业中最复杂的炉窑,焦炉的加热过程是单个燃烧室间歇、全炉连续、受多种因素干扰的热工过程,是典型的大惯性、非线性、时变快的复杂系统,如何优化焦炉加热过程控制,降低炼焦能耗,确保焦炭均匀稳定成熟,同时延长焦炉使用寿命等,仍然是炼焦业界重大难题之一。 本系统基于现代计算机与信息技术改造传统产业和提升企业技术水平,针对国内焦炉自动加热的发展现状,结合炼焦工艺特点,研究开发了适合多种焦炉炉型的测温技术、数据融合与处理技术、多模式控制技术以及专家系统与智能控制技术。 课题的主要研究内容有: 最适宜的控制策略配置——稳定结焦时间以二前馈一反馈一监控相结合的优化串级调控,炉温控制采用串级控制、吸力控制采用设定值随动控制方案。 优化的控制算法研究——针对焦炉的对象特性提出了以预测控制为主的多模式的控制方案。 多参数的检测和数据融合——利用计算机控制系统开发和实施了五种不同方式的温度采集与数据处理技术。有代表性的是结合了结焦终了判断,根据上升管火落温度开发了焦炭质量在线控制系统。 结焦模型与动态控制模型——完成了加热系统(供热量模型)与燃烧系统(分烟道吸力模型)两大类模型的建立。 控制系统与方案实施——控制系统采用DCS或PLC控制系统,它们内部有很多的功能模块,通过模块的参数设置可完成相应的功能,系统还具有用户编程语言功能。 优化控制系统的软件设计——程序共分四个部分:热电偶断偶保护、数学模型生成、控制算法、模型自学习功能。 系统界面设计——包括主界面,参数界面,控制与切换,历史与当前趋势,报警与限制等,以达到稳定,可靠,节能的目的。 系统的研究揭示了焦炉内燃烧气流的流动规律、焦炉火道温度随结焦时间、换向周期的变化规律以及控制吸力规律;建立了焦炉内气流控制模型及系列的相关数学模型。首次在国内开展了判断结焦终了时间的计算方法和焦炭质量在线控制方法研究,并在一般控制模型的基础上,经过仿真试验得到优化的控制参数,并结合专家经验建立了过程控制的动态模型。 该技术密切结合工艺特点,针对性和时效性强。控制方式密切结合不同焦炉
The coke oven is the most complicated stove kiln in metallurgy industry. The heating course of the coke oven is intermittence of single combustion chamber but all combustion chambers are successive. The progress of calefaction is interfered with different kinds of factors. The coke oven is a typical great inertia, nonlinear and quick-vary complicated system. So there are graveness problems in coking plant industry all over the world, how to optimize the control of heating course, reduce the energy consumption of coking, guarantee the coke is even and steady and ripe, lengthen service life of coke oven, etc., remains one of the great difficult problems of the coking industry. This system based on the modern computer technology and information technology changes tradition industry and promotes the enterprise"s engineering level. According to domestic situation of the development of heating automatically, combining with the coking craft characteristic, research and develop examining warm technology which suits for many types of coke oven, data merged and tread technology, multi-mode control technology, experts-system and intelligent control technology. Main research contents of the subject are as follows: The most suitable control strategy ----steady burnt time is controlled by the form which contains two feed-forwards, one feedback and one monitor. Furnace temperature control adopts bunches control, while establishing value according to random control is adopted in the suction control. Optimize control arithmetic study----according to the characteristic of the coke oven pre-control mainly and multi-control scheme are posed. Detection of many parameters and the data mergence technology ----using the computer system, develop and carry out five different kinds of techniques of temperature collects and data processing. What having representative is it combine to conclude the burnt be completed judgment, develop the on-line control system of the coke quantity according to the rising tube fire falls the temperature. Knot the coke model and the dynamic state control model----complete the heating system modle (provide the calories model) and burning system modle (divide the flue suction model). The control system and scheme implement----The control system adopts DCS or
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