论文标题:苏州园林绿化树种的应用与规划研究
On the Applications and Planning of the Tree Species of the Gardens of Suzhou
论文作者
论文导师 姜卫兵,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 园林与园艺
论文单位 南京农业大学,点击次数 280,论文页数 85页File Size3587K
2005-12-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_38677017/
Species composition ; Comprehensive evaluation ; Planning of trees and bushes ; Orientation
本论文的研究目的是在科学的城市树种规划的指导下，有方向、有目的、有条不紊的逐步开展城市园林绿化建设。所要解决的问题包括：其一，在调查研究基础上，在城市生态学、生态园林学、植物群落学、风景美学、城市规划学等学科理论的指导下，选择一批满足植被分布区域自然规律，能积极有效地起到维护和提高城市生态平衡，保护和改善城市环境、满足城市园林绿化多功能的要求，丰富城市景观，反映苏州历史文化、风格特色的园林植物，充分利用植物材料形态，色彩和内涵来达到城市环境多样统一，增强艺术效果，形成苏州独特城市风貌；其二，有目的地指导城市园林绿化的基础工作——苗圃生产的健康发展，制定比较符合城市园林绿化建设需要的育苗计划，保证园林绿化工作以城市普遍绿化为重点，以植物材料造园为主总方针的实施，最大限度地发挥园林植物的多种效益。 研究方法采用内业和外业相结合，实地调查苏州市露地越冬的乔木、灌木、藤本及竹类(包括常绿针叶乔木、常绿阔叶乔木、落叶针叶乔木、落叶阔叶乔木、常绿针叶灌木、常绿阔叶灌木、落叶针叶灌木、落叶阔叶灌木、落叶藤本及竹类)等。 调查结果： 苏州市现有树种641种，其中乔木377种(含竹类21种)，灌木209种(含竹类7种)，攀缘植物55种。常绿植物236种，落叶植物405种。 苏州市乡土树种共有292种，乔木174种(含竹类13种)，占全部树种的59.6％，大多数生长在良以上，其中常绿71种，落叶103种；灌木95种(含竹类3种)，生长状况大多良好，常绿51种，落叶44种；攀缘植物23种。乡土树种中常绿树种122种，占树种总数的41.8％；落叶树种170种，占树种总数的58.2％。 常见园林树种49种，其中乔木35种，灌木12种，攀缘植物2种；常绿树种26种，落叶树种23种。 根据调查结果，综合分析园林植物环境条件，评价植物生长状况、树种总量、各类型树种搭配比例，可以得出： 苏州市现有树种中乔木与灌木种数比为1：0.55，乡土树种乔木与灌木种数比为1：0.55，常见园林树种乔木与灌木种数比为1：0.34。由此数据可见灌木比例均偏少，并且在常见植物品种的使用上乔木和灌木都太单调。因此，在充分利用本市各种乔木的基础上，积极地发展各种花灌木，以此调整乔灌树种的比例，丰富苏州的植物材料，是提高园林绿化水平的又一重要措施。 苏州市现有树种中常绿与落叶种数比为1：1.72，乡土树种中常绿与落叶种数比为1：1.39，常见园林树种常绿与落叶种数比为1：0.88。常见常绿树种占苏州市常
The purpose of the thesis is to explain the systematic development of the plantings in Suzhou city gardens using the principles of scientific planning. There are two problems addressed in the thesis: one is how to choose the most suitable plants for a garden on the basis of on-site research, and with the guidance of ecology, eco-gardening, the nature of plant communities, landscape-aesthetics and urban planning, to embody the style of Suzhou and strengthen the artistic effects. Meanwhile, the plants should not only obey the rules of natural vegetation, keep the ecological balance, improve the environment and enrich the landscape, but also unify the city spaces concerning morphology, color, context and mood of the plant material. The other is to guide the basic work on specific maintenance of city gardens, that is, to develop the nursery of healthy young plants, to make appropriate plans for the growing of seedlings that satisfy the forestation of city gardens; to practice an ecological approach to garden maintenance and ensure a general policy of using plants as the central focus for garden design.Both indoor and outdoor operational methods are employed to investigate the trees, the bushes, the vines and the bamboo, which live through the winter in the open space in Suzhou. The objects of the investigation are as follows: evergreen coniferous trees, evergreen broad-leaved trees, deciduous coniferous trees, deciduous broad-leaved trees, evergreen coniferous bushes, evergreen broad-leaved bushes, deciduous coniferous bushes, deciduous broad-leaved bushes, deciduous vines and thirty kinds of bamboo.The outcomes of the investigation are as follows:1. There are 641 kinds of tree species in Suzhou including 377 kinds of trees (including 21 kinds of bamaoo), 209 bushes (including 7 kinds of bamboo), and 55 kinds of vines. The evergreens have 236 kinds and the deciduous plants include 405 kinds.2. There are 292 kinds of native species: the first group is 174 tree species (including
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