论文标题:贵州少数民族地区人力资本投资问题与对策研究
Study on Human Capital Investment Problem and Countermeasure of the Minority Area in Guizhou
论文作者 杨丽莎
论文导师 王钊,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 农业经济管理
论文单位 西南农业大学,点击次数 32,论文页数 50页File Size2648k
2005-05-15论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_390214677/ 民族地区;人力资本;投资;贫困
Minority area ; Human capital; Investment; Poverty
随着科学技术的发展,尤其是以信息技术为代表的高新技术的发展,人类正在步入一个以知识为基础发展经济的崭新时代。而知识、信息的创造、传播与运用均以人为载体,投资和积累人力资本便成为经济和社会发展中最需优先解决的问题。对贵州少数民族地区人力资本投资问题的研究,是在积极吸取有关人力资本优秀成果的前提下展开的。服务于本论文的目的,在对人力资本投资理论以及贫困与反贫困的重要理论进行简要阐述的基础上,结合贵州少数民族地区经济社会发展现状和扶贫工作情况的回顾,分析了传统扶贫政策的弊端,指出贵州少数民族地区落后的根本原因在于人力资本的缺乏,要使其经济快速发展、实现脱贫致富的关键在于加大人力资本投资,调整和优化人力资本同自然资本、物质资本和社会资本的组合关系,将人口的数量优势转化为质量优势,提高人力资本存量,从而为经济发展注入新鲜的血液,增强经济发展的造血功能。针对贵州少数民族地区的人力资本投资状况和存在的问题,在分析了个人、企业和政府三大投资主体的投资行为的基础上,对贵州少数民族地区人力资本投资的障碍因素进行了深入剖析,最后提出提高其人力资本投资绩效的主要对策和政策建议。 自改革开放以来,贵州少数民族地区的经济、社会取得了长足的发展,但由于历史、自然等诸多原因的影响,与省内非少数民族地区相比,少数民族地区的经济总量水平和人均占有量都存在很大的差距,贫困依然困扰着其经济、社会的发展。这些地区除具有人口出生率高、人均收入水平低、劳动力素质差、社会基础设施落后等一般贫困地区所具有的特点外,人力资本奇缺是其重要的特征。本研究认为,这是制约贵州少数民族地区经济社会发展的最主要因素。 经过长期的努力,在扶贫工作经历了救济式扶贫、开发式扶贫和攻坚式扶贫三个扶贫阶段后,少数民族地区的贫困面貌虽得到一定改观,但始终并未能完全走出贫困的“怪圈”。贫困人口多、贫困面广、贫困程度深、扶贫难度大是贵州少数民族地区扶贫工作的难点所在。对过去扶贫政策的回顾使我们认识到:必要的救济是需要的,但把扶贫资金和物资大部分都用于救济,效果往往不好。重物质资本投资,轻人力资本投资的思想已不再适应新时期贫困地区经济社会的发展要求,只有从仅注重物质资本投入的扶贫方式向人力资本投资方式转变,不断加大对人力资本投资的力度,努力提高人力资本存量,才是消除贫困的关键和缓解贫困的根本出路。 人力资本对反贫困的积极作用得到越来越广泛的认同,无论是理论上还是实践中都被一次又一次地证明。具体而言,人力资本对消除贫困的作用可归纳为:①有利于提高贫困地区人口的文化素质;②有利于提高贫困地区人口的健康状况:⑨有利于促进贫困人口的流动;④有利于贫困地区的经济发展。 贵州少数民族地区人力资本投资状况是众多因素共同作用的结果,主要可以从以下三个
With the development of science and technology, the development especially taking information technology as representatives" new and high technology, the mankind is stepping into one and developing economic brand-new era based on knowledge. The kownledge economy makes human capital with knowledge application and innovation ability become the core of creating the wealth. The study on minority area human capital investment of Guizhou, launch on the premise of drawing about outstanding achievement of human capital actively. The purpose to serve this thesis, on the basis of the thing that explain briefly the theory of human capital and poverty and instead poor important theory, combine the retrospect of the social current situation of the development of regional economy of ethnic minority of Guizhou and anti-poverty working condition, analyse traditional anti-poverty drawback of policy , propose Guizhou minority area backward basic reason lie in shortage , human capital, is it make economic fast development its to want, key shaken off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity to realize lie in strengthening the human capital investment, improve the stock of human capital, inject the fresh blood into economic development, strengthen the hemutopoiesis ability of economic development. Direct against the state of minority area human capital investment of Guizhou and existing problem, have analysed to the factor influencing human capital investment and result further, put forward the main countermeasure and policy recommendations of strengthening its human capital investment performance.Because of the above thinking, the full text is divided into seven chapters altogether. Chapter one the introduction. State the proposition of the question mainly, the purpose , meaning , content and method to study; Chapter two basic theories. Have introduced the capital investment theory of human and poor and some important theories against the poverty emphatically; Chapter three socio-economic development and anti-poverty working condition. Have described the social state of development of regional economy of ethnic minority of Guizhou overallly, have reviewed the anti-poverty policy in the past, and made a self-criticism to the traditional anti-poverty policy; Chapter four analysed the minority area human capital investment current situation and question of Guizhou; Chapter five the analysis of factor influencing capital investment of human and result, the
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