论文标题:可持续发展应重视环境保护制度建设
Sustainable Development Should Pay Attention to the Institutional Improvement of Environmental Protection
论文作者
论文导师 彭迪云,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 公共管理
论文单位 厦门大学,点击次数 87,论文页数 45页File Size554K
2006-11-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_402113382/
Sustainable Development;Environmental Protection ; Blowdown charges; Institutional improvement
随着人类社会和经济的发展,生产力迅速提高,人口急剧增长,人类社会活动不断向广度和深度扩大,人们向自然索取的能力和对自然环境干预的能力越来越大,资源消耗和排放废弃物大量增加。又由于当时人类对于环境及环境保护认识的局限性,致使环境问题发展十分迅速。可持续发展强调环境与经济协调发展,追求人与自然和谐。环境问题实质上就是经济问题,解决环境问题,实现可持续发展战略就必须利用重要的经济手段---排污收费制度。从庇古税理论可以看出排污收费制度是处理经济外部性问题的有效途径,排污收费制度在合理开发利用资源,维护生态可持续发展能力,控制日益恶化的环境污染,改善人类生存环境等方面有着十分重要的作用。传统的排污收费制度有其历史功绩,但在实践过程中的确存在不少缺陷。为了营造一个社会、经济、环境可持续发展的良好氛围,有必要在排污收费的法律、法规等进一步改革和完善。可持续发展战略事业关乎国计民生甚至是人类生存的千秋伟业,完善的排污收费制度是实现可持续发展战略目标的重要经济手段。排污收费制度的发展和改革方向应该学习和借鉴一些国外先进经验和完善的政策法规,并结合中国国内实际情况,增强政府引导,加大执法力度,建设一项与和谐社会相适应的、并在社会主义市场经济下行之有效的、具有中国特色的环境保护制度。
With the development of human society and economy, productivity is improved rapidly, population increases sharply, human social activities are expanding to the breadth and depth constantly. People are greater and greater to the ability that is asked for naturally and ability to intervene to the natural environment. Resources consume and discharge offals increase in a large amount. Because the limitation which the mankind knew to the environment and environmental protection at that time again, cause the environmental problem to develop very fast. Sustainable development emphasizes the environment is developed with economy in harmony, pursues that people and nature are harmonious. The environmental problem is an economic question in fact.To solve the environmental problem and realize the sustainable development strategy we must utilize important economic means ---- the system of charge in blowdown.We can find out the system is the effective way of dealing with the economic outside problem from the Pigouivaintax theory. It plays a very important role in utilizing resources in reasonable development, safeguarding the sustainable development capacity of the ecology, controling the environmental pollution worsened day by day, improving the human living environment,etc. The traditional and current system of charges in blowdown have its historical contribution, but really there are many defects in the course of practising. In order to build the good atmospheres of a society, economic, environmental sustainable development, further reform and improve on systems such as the necessary laws and regulations about charge in blowdown,etc.. The sustainable development strategy undertaking concerns the great achievements of a thousand years of the national economy ,the people"s livelihood and even human survival. It is an important means to realize the goal of sustainable development strategy to reform and improve the system.We should study and use some foreign advanced experience and complete policies and regulations for reference in the direction of developing and reforming the system. Combining the actual conditions in China, strengthening the government to guide and devoting more efforts to enforcing the law,we make it become one that is suitable for harmonious society, and effectual protection system with characteristic of Chinese and environmental under socialist market economy.
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