论文标题:海峡两岸中小学道德教育之比较
Concept of Language and Chinese Education
论文作者 匡杨宏
论文导师 秦英君,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育
论文单位 首都师范大学,点击次数 106,论文页数 40页File Size1821k
2000-07-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_405507327/ 网络,创新, 过程性评价
Network,Innovation,Formative Evaluation
海峡两岸中小学道德教育之比较是一个全新的、富有现实意义的课题。本文运用专题比较的方法，从马克思主义的立场、观点出发，对两岸中小学校道德教育的四个基本环节：目标的设置、内容的安排、形式的设计、方法的选择作一比照研究，力求辩证地剖析台湾和内地的中小学校道德教育的异同，并为内地中小学道德教育改革提供一些有价值的思路。 本文前四个部分，依次对两岸中小学道德教育的目标、内容、途径、方法进行了比较，挖掘其异同。通过比较可知，两岸中小学道德教育的共性主要有：目标上，具有统一性，重视奉献精神的培养；内容上，继承性与时代性并存，公德突显，私德与职业道德兼顾；途径上，都选择课堂教学、课外活动、社会实践活动来实施德育；方法上，重视说理教育法、榜样教育法和表扬批评法，相对忽视陶冶教育法等等；两岸中小学道德教育的异性主要有：目标上，阶级性、政治性、层次性不同；内容上，传统与现代取向的偏重不同，可操作性与指导性的偏重不同，层次性、渐进性不同；途径上，台湾重视辅导与“训导”工作，大陆重视班主任工作与共青团、少先队工作；方法上，台湾重视引进国外德育方法，重视行为训练法与自我教育指导法的运用，大陆普遍运用灌输教育法，重视大型活动法的运用。 最后，本文认为，内地中小学道德教育改革可在以下几个方面借鉴台湾中小学道德教育的有益经验： 1．构建分层递进的道德教育目标、内容体系； 2．重视传统道德的现代诠释与运用，适当补充道德基本知识，以充实中小学道德教育内容； 3．心理辅导与道德教育相辅相成； 4．重视行为训练法的运用，并注意借鉴国外学校德育方法，以改进中小学道德教育方法。
The comparison and study of moral education in the primary and middle schools between Taiwan and mainland is a new and realistic topic. In this paper, four basal aspects of moral education between both sides of Taiwan Strait: setting up object, arranging contents, designing style, choosing the method, were compared and researched by using the method of subject comparison and applying Marxist stand, viewpoints and methods. Through dialectical comparison between moral education of both sides, some valuable methods of improving moral education of mainland were obtained. In forgoing four parts, the object, contents, channel and method of moral education of both sides of Taiwan Strait were compared. The same characteristics can be shown as the following: 1. In o~~ject, both sides have oneness and think much of bringing up spirit of dedication; 2. In contents, both sides have character of inherit and times, extrude social morality and give attention to private morality; 3. In channel, both sides use the method of teaching in classroom, extracurricular activity and society practice; 4. In method, both sides put emphasis on explaining reason, setting a good example, integrating praise and criticism. The different characteristics can be shown as the following: I. In object, the character of class, politics and hiberarchy are different; 2. In contents, Taiwan emphasized traditional moral education and maneuverability, mainland emphasized modem moral education and guidance; 3. In channel, Taiwan emphasize guidance and implementing the system of 搃nstruction~?, mainland emphasize work of the communist youth league and implement the system of masters of the class; 4. In method, Taiwan think much of the foreign advanced moral education method, apply habit-fanning teaching method and the instruction of moral education, mainland implement indoctrinating educational method and emphasized large-scale movement method. Finally, the paper holds the views that the moral education of Taiwan in primary and middle school can provide some methods for the reformation of moral education in mainland. These methods are as follows: 1. Building hierarchical object and course system of moral education; 2. Emphasize the modem utilization of traditional morals. Supplement appropriate basis knowledge of moral education in order to enrich the course of moral education in primary and middle school; 3. Moral education are needed to integrate mental guidance; 4. Emphasize utilization of habit-forming teaching method and introduce foreign advanced niral education method to improving the method of moral education in primary and middle school.
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