论文标题:西北地区资源型产业发展研究
论文作者
论文导师 高新才,论文学位 博士,论文专业 区域经济
论文单位 兰州大学,点击次数 30,论文页数 122页File Size7886K
2007-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_410765952/
the Northwest; resource-based industry
矿产资源是人类文明、社会进步和经济发展的物质支撑。矿产资源消费周期规律指出，当社会经济发展从农业向工业制造业为主转变时，其过程会表现出明显的高资源消费特征，一旦这种转变接近完成，矿产资源的需求增长开始出现减缓和平稳增长阶段。矿产资源是工业化及新经济时代必不可少的物质基础。人均矿产资源消费量是衡量经济发展水平的重要指标。不同工业化发展阶段，矿产资源需求呈现不同特点，其原因在于产业结构的演进、资源多元化以及技术进步。 本论文所研究的资源型产业是指以能源和矿产资源开发为主的产业，包括采掘业和制造业中的资源加工业，是重工业的重要组成部分。 目前我国工业化已进入到高速增长的重工业化阶段，主要依靠能源、原材料的大量消耗推动经济的高速增长，资源产品供给不足是制约我国经济持续、稳定和协调发展的突出矛盾。资源型产业对新型工业化发展的重要战略意义。凭借矿产资源优势，在国家扶持下，西北地区形成了超重型工业结构。近年来，西北地区作为全国能源、原材料基地的地位进一步强化。 对西北资源型产业发展分析表明，资源型产业已发展成为西北地区的主导产业，在很大程度上起着支撑西北经济发展的作用。西北地区工业优势产业只集中在以采掘业和资源初加工为主的产业中，资源型产业优势较为明显。另一方面，西北地区产业的整体技术层次还比较低，产业链条较短，产业带动力也还不强，尚难在工业增长中充分发挥先导和带动作用低；具有较高技术含量的机械制造业发展不足，经济增长对资源型产业的依赖程度非常高。 西北地区是我国市场化程度最低的地区，不仅远低于全国平均水平，也低于西部平均水平。资源型产业是受计划经济体制影响最深的行业之一，直到现在，很多行业仍然存在着限制民营经济进入和公平竞争的障碍。行政垄断、市场分割严重，是西北资源型产业的特征之一，而以市场化、产业化为方向的科技创新体制往往难以形成，科技创新活动往往难以对整个工业产业产生重大的影响。 目前西北资源型产业发展面临战略转型。西北地区应研究制定西北资源型产业中长期发展战略。提出西北地区资源开发、生产布局、技术改造与创新、污染控制、资源城市转型等发展规划，以及宏观调控体系和政策保障。
Mineral resources are the physical support for human civilization, social and economic development. The rule of the consumption circle of mineral resources has pointed out that, when economic development experiences the changes from agriculture to manufacturing, high consumption of resources will become the striking feature, and once the change is about to complete, the demand for the mineral resources will start to decrease and then increase steadily. Mineral resources are the physical basis for the industrialization and new economic development. The consumption of mineral resources per capita is an important indicator of economic development. In different stages of industrialization, the demand for mineral resources will demonstrate different features due to the development of industrial structure, differentiation of resources, and technological progress. This paper will focus on the resource-based industry, which is also an important part of heavy industry and refers to the industry mainly in the development of energy and mineral resources, including resources processing in mining and manufacturing. At present China"s industrialization has entered into the stage of heavy industry developing at top speed. The high-speed economic growth is motivated by high consumption of energy and raw materials, and inadequate supply of resource-based products becomes the principle contradiction deterring the continual, steady and coordinated development of China"s economy. Therefore, the resource-based industry has strategic implications for the new industrial development. Depending on rich mineral resources, under the government"s support the Northwest has formed a super-heavy industrial structure which highly inclines on energy and raw material industry. In recent years the Northwest"s position as the base of energy and raw materials of the whole country has been strengthened further. The analysis on the industrial development of the Northwest indicates that, the resource-based industry has become the leading industry of the Northwest, which to some extent sustains the economic development of the region. On one hand, the advantageous industry of the Northwest only focus on mining and resources primary processing, thus the resource-based industry becomes its remarkable advantage. On the other hand, the industry in the Northwest has certain features including overall low technology, short industry chain, lack of interrelations with other industries, and is unable to play a guiding and leading role in industrial growth. At the same time the manufacturing in machinery with high technical content has not adequately developed. All of the above indicates that the economic growth of the region has strongly depended on the resource-based industry. The degree of market economy development of the Northwest is the lowest in the country, not only lower than the nation"s average, but also lower than the average of the West. The resource-based industry has been one of the industries deeply affected by the planned economic system, until now a lot of the industries still face the barriers which restrict the entry of private economy and fair competition. Serious administrative monopoly and market separation have been two features of the resource-based industry of the Northwest. The technology innovation system featured by market-oriented direction and industrialization has not been formed, thus it"s difficult for the technology innovation activities to play an important role in the overall industry. At present the resource-based industry of the Northwest should start a strategic transformation. In order to realize this objective, the Northwest should first study and formulate a long and medium-term development strategy, and make a development program including the Northwest"s resources development, industry distribution, technology transform and innovation, pollution control and transformation of resource-based cities, and then establish a macroeconomic adjustment system and propose corresponding policies.
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