论文标题:单位犯罪问题研究
论文作者
论文导师 刘远,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 法律
论文单位 山东大学,点击次数 141,论文页数 43页File Size2398K
2006-09-20论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_42359002/
unit crime;cognizance of unit crime;criminal punishment
为遏制日趋严重的单位犯罪现象，修改后的刑法对单位犯罪作了较为原则的规定。由于单位犯罪的特殊性、复杂性，加之受传统的以自然人犯罪为基础的刑法理论的束缚，我国对单位犯罪的研究又起步较晚，关于单位犯罪诸多问题尚存在理论争议及实践困惑，立法上还有许多不完备、不明确之处，需要补充、修改、完善。本文以社会法学的研究视角，试图对单位犯罪的概念和构成要件进行诠释，明确如何对单位犯罪进行认定和处罚，以求对单位犯罪制度的立法完善有所裨益，对司法实践中把握单位犯罪的定罪量刑有所帮助。 本文共分三章。第一章是单位犯罪概述。阐述了单位犯罪产生的经济根源、现实基础和法律条件，在目前已有种种观点基础上，归纳出笔者关于单位犯罪定义的认识。第二章是单位犯罪的构成。包括主体界定、主观罪过分析和客观要件分析。认为单位犯罪只有一个犯罪主体即单位，并对单位犯罪主体范围及主体变异情况进行了分析；剖析了单位犯罪的意识与意志、故意与过失的罪过形式，认为“为单位谋取不正当利益”不是单位犯罪构成的必备条件；通过对单位故意犯罪、单位过失犯罪客观表现的分析，力求揭示单位犯罪在客观活动方面的事实特征。第三章是单位犯罪的处罚。包括单位犯罪刑事责任的本质、处罚原则、与同种自然人犯罪刑事责任的比较、对犯罪单位适用的刑罚种类和方法、追诉时效。在对“同一论”与“企业组织体责任论”两种见解评析基础上，认为研究单位犯罪的处罚问题，必须坚持单位责任是自然人责任与组织体责任的复合的观点。以比较的方法得出我国刑事立法应取消单罚制而统一为双罚制的结论。认为经济犯罪中，单位犯罪的起刑点应适当高于同种自然人犯罪的起刑点：对单位内部直接责任人员应确立依照自然人犯罪规定处罚的基本原则；并立足对单位犯罪与对自然人共同犯罪刑事责任追究的不同，对直接责任人员范围如何界定进行了探讨。提出规范现有罚金刑，增设资格刑、耻辱刑等新刑种，以完善单位犯罪的刑罚体系。对如何设置单位犯罪追诉时效问题进行了思考。
To curb the growing phenomenon of unit crime, the revised Criminal Law made some relatively principle Provisions.Because of the special nature and complexity of unit crime, coupled with the constrain of the traditional Penal theories which is based on individual crime, and what"s more, because the study of unit crime in our Country strats late, theory controversy and practice puzzles remain on many issues of unit crime,at the same time , legislation is to be improved.In order to benefit the improvement of the unit crime legislation , this thesis tries to analysis the concept and elements ,as well as the cognizance and punishment of unit crime.This article includes three parts. The first part is about the concept of unit crime. On the base of the current concepts, the writer has concluded the understanding about unit crime. The unit crime is "A company, enterprise, government-sponsored institution, department or party, according to the beforehand decision or the afterwards authorization by the decision-making department or the principal, actualizing by the unit member in name of the unit or the unit does not come to time during the business activities, the unpremeditated crime which is endanger the society and it is prescribed in law to assume the criminal responsibility." The second part is about the cognizance of unit crime. Unit is the only subject of unit crime, and it also analyzed the range and the variation situation of the subject of unit crime. It is analyzed the consciousness and purpose of unit crime and the crime form of the intent and blame. It considered that "seeking the malfeasance advantage for the unit" is not the essential condition of unit crime. Strive to open out the objective activities" reality character of unit crime according to analyzing the objective display of the unit intent crime and unpremeditated crime.The third part is about the punishment of unit crime. On the base of the commenting on the "oneness statement" and the "enterprise organization system liability statement", the writer considers that to research the punishment of the unit crime, it should insist on the statement about the unit liability is the composite of the natural person liability and the organization system . By using the compare method, it is conclude that in China"
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