论文标题:中国近代教会女子教育发展的回顾与反思
A Retrospect and Rethinking of the Development of Chinese Missionary Girls" Education in Modern Times
论文作者 刘丽平
论文导师 张如珍,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 教育史
论文单位 西北师范大学,点击次数 148,论文页数 49页File Size195k
2002-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_432905237/ 近代,教会女子教育,发展,反思
Modern Times,Girls" Missionary,Education,Development Rethink
本课题以近代化理论为指导，以学校教育为主，对中国近代教会女子教育的发展进行了回顾与反思。通过回顾可以认识到：中国女子接受学校教育始于教会创办的女塾。中国近代教会女子教育的产生有其深刻的时代背景，1840年鸦片战争后，中国沦为半殖民地半封建社会，国势日衰，西方文化入侵，作为文化入侵最主要的手段——办学校，教会女子教育开始在中国出现，随着传统教育的腐朽，国内有识之士对西学的探寻，洋务运动与维新人士的促进，教会女子教育在中国迅速发展。中国近代教会女子教育在教育观念、教育体制、课程设置、教学管理、办学特色、学生出路等层面都为中国女学的创办和发展奠定了基础，提供了经验。在教育观念上，首开女禁，创办女学；在教育体制上，形成了男女分校、男女合校，从小学—中学—大学完整的教育体系；在课程设置上，从小学—中学—大学有完整的课程体系，各阶段内容前后衔接，相对完整；在教育教学上，“三从四德”等传统女子教育内容被根本否定，而代之以新兴的科学知识，运用班级授课制实行启发式教学，注重实验、实习；在教育管理上，传统与现代管理方式交融，形成了独具特色的教会女子教育管理模式；在学生出路上，女子通过接受教育，为进入社会准备了知识和能力条件，越来越多的女子开始到社会上寻求自己的位置，在职业生涯中体现自己的人生价值。当然，由于传统观念和社会发展所限，社会为女子提供的就业机会少，大多数女子仍以“出嫁”为主要出路，但它毕竟培养了中国第一批女知识分子。本文通过对教会女子教育的回顾，理清了其兴起的时代背景、建立和发展的轨迹，对教会女子教育作了实事求是、客观公正的评价。通过反思，笔者以总结经验的方式，提出了自己对发展中国女子教育的几点看法和意见，为开创我国新世纪女子教育的新局面提供借鉴。
Based on the theory in modern times, the thesis gives a retrospect and rethinking on the development of Chinese missionary girls" education. Chinese girl began to accept school education in missionary girl schools. There was a deep background on missionary girls" education in China in the period of modern times. After the Opium War in 1840, China was reduced to a half-colonial and half-feudal society and lost its power gradually. The Western culture began to intrude into China. Setting up schools was an important means to intrude western culture into China. Missionary girls" schools began to appear in China then, and with the corruption of the traditional education and the probe of the Western learning as well as the promoting of the Westernization Movement and Constitutional Reform Movement, the missionary girls" schools got a rapid development in China.Chinese missionary girls" education during modern times laid a foundation for the establishment and development of educational concept, educational system, setting up the curriculum, teaching management, characteristics of running schools and the job obtaining for students. It broke the restriction of girl going to school and set up several girl schools and a comprehensive school system from primary to secondary till higher education by running separated schools for male and female as well as composed schools. There was also a comprehensive curriculum system from primary to secondary till higher education with dovetail and comparatively integrated. The traditional feudal teaching content "san cong si de" was thrown away completely and new science knowledge was.introduced. The class teaching system was brought in and elicitation method was used in the classroom, and experiment and practice were paid special attention. The combination of traditional and modern education management formed a particular model of missionary girl education, which could offer knowledge and capability to girls and enable more and more educated girl to find jobs and show their life value in the society. While the traditional concept and slow development restrained the society from offering girl enough chances to get jobs, it trained and brought up Chinese earliest girl intellectuals.Through the retrospect, the thesis clarifies its background and track of the setting and development of missionary girls" education and makes a proper evaluation upon it. The author also gives opinion and views on the development of girl education in China.
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