论文标题:村民自治视角下乡村精英流动现象的社会资本研究
Social Capital Research of Countryside Elitist Flowage Phenomenon under Villager Self-government Perspective
论文作者
论文导师 崔永军,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 社会学
论文单位 吉林农业大学,点击次数 38,论文页数 47页File Size3078K
2007-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_435628352/
Villager self-government;; Countryside elitist;; Flowage of countryside elitist;; Social Capital
村民自治是体现乡村社会走向民主化之路的关键所在，随着村民自治民主改革的推进，乡村越来越需要直接的精英支持，但已往的很多学者对乡村精英的研究大多都局限于乡村社会内部，忽视了精英流动的现象，而在当今农村普遍存在乡村精英流动的现实背景下，选择流动的视角更能为我们重新审视村庄内部问题提供全新的观察角度。 社会资本是结构分析框架内的一种新的解释方法。目前，社会资本研究范式为解释乡村精英流动提供了新的方法，本文以社会资本理论作为主要解释框架，乡村精英流动现象是本文的研究对象，对微观、中观和宏观层面的乡村精英流动现象进行更为具体的分析。 社会网络中的关系、交往、信任以及制度、规范乃至文化，都可以纳入分析的视野中为研究提供新的方法。本文研究立足于以上的理论，通过对JS村乡村精英流动的调查研究，分析社会资本这一要素与乡村精英的连接方式，阐述村民自治视角下乡村精英流动中的社会资本问题。通过对乡村精英流动的社会资本进行分析，取得了如下的成果： 一、乡村精英流动过程中社会资本的特点 1、JS村乡村精英相对于农村社区其他成员，社会网络的规模更大，网络顶端更高，网络构成更加合理，拥有更多的社会资本。而拥有较多社会资本的乡村政治精英、经济精英、社会精英之间身份的转换也容易成为可能，村庄内、外的社会流动更容易发生。但是，JS村也出现了政治精英网络的封闭状态，始终占据村庄的政治空间，与普通村民割裂开来，也造成了村民对政治精英层的不信任。 2、就目前的情况来看，JS村乡村精英流动中的个人社会资本主要存在于亲属关系网络中，但亲属关系网也有弱的一面，碍于面子和关系，发生纠纷也不好通过制度化途径进行解决的情况也较多。所以，流动中的乡村精英需要更多的制度性社会资本的支持，缺少制度性社会资本，在精英流动的背景下会使农村社区呈现出政治低度发展的态势。 3、拥有较多社会资本的乡村精英，在流动中，其自身对整个乡村社会的认识也不同于以往，更多情感的感召下，一些乡村精英选择了回流，成功利用自身在城市生活的中获得的资本参政，集中体现了乡村精英新的社会价值观。在乡村精英新观念的冲击下，乡村原有的社会资本环境也在不断接受改造，所以说，社会资本的拥有量对乡村精英的社会归属产生影响，并决定其行为选择。 二、问题的解决途径 在中观层面，我们应该给与乡村精英流动中更多制度性社会资本支持，使其能有顺畅的流动渠道，在村庄政治领域发挥出既有的能力。同时，在宏观层面上营造有利于乡村精英流出与回流的社会环境，做好乡村精英流动的管理和服务，这也是村民自治阶段我们要做好的必修课。 在措施上采取：完善村庄内部乡村精英流动的渠道；建立乡村精英流出、回流双向流动机制；试行多种乡村精英回流方式；营造有利于乡村精英流出与回流的社会环境；加强对乡村精英流出的管理和服务。
Villager self-government is reflected rural society to the path of democratization of the key, Withvillager self-government promote democratic reform, rural increasingly need direct support of the elite, Butmany scholars of the philosophy of the elite village of mostly confined to rural societies, to the neglect ofthe elite mobile, In today"s widespread rural villages elite mobile background, Perspective choice flowsbetter for us to re-examine the issue within villages to provide new perspectives. Social capital structure analysis within the framework of a new explanation. At present, the socialcapital research paradigm to explain the flow of the rural elite of the new methods, Based on the theory ofsocial capital as the main framework for interpretation, rural elite flow of this essay is to study themicrostructure, meso-and macro level, the rural elite flow more specific analysis. Social network of relations and contacts, trust and the system, as well as cultural norms, can beincorporated into the analysis to the study of vision for a new approach. In this paper, based on the abovetheory, rural village of JS flow of elite research Analysis of the elements of social capital and connectingrural elite, expounded villager autonomy View Village elite flows of social capital issues. Through the ruralelite social capital flow analysis, yielded the following results: First, social capital characteristics of countryside elitist flowage process 1.Elite in JS village relative to the other members of rural communities, social network of larger,higher top network, An even more reasonable network, which has more social capital.And have more socialcapital in rural political elite, the economic elite status among the elite of the conversion may alsobecome easy. villages within and outside the social mobility more vulnerable. However, JSVillage has a political elite network of the closed state, always held the political space villages, andordinary villagers apart, causing the villagers to the political elite level of distrust. 2. At the present, JS village countryside elite flowage of personal social capital is mainly exists in therelationship network. But relationship networks are a weak side, due to face and, disputes throughinstitutionalization is not a good way to resolve the situation more. Therefore, the flow of rural elites needmore institutional support social capital, lack of institutional social capital in the elite mobile background will rural communities showing low political development of the country. 3. Have more social capital in rural elite flows in its own right throughout the rural community ofunderstanding is different to the past, more emotional appeal, some of the villages elite chose to return theuse of their own success in urban life gained political capital, a concentrated reflection of the rural elite newsocial values. In the rural elite of the impact of new, original villages social capital environment is alsocontinual transformation, so that social capital holdings of the rural elite, originates from the social impactof their behavior and decided to choose. Second, the solution to the problem At the meso level, we should give viliiger elite flows more institutional support social capital, it cansmooth the flow channels, in the political sphere villages play both capacities. Meanwhile, at the macrolevel to create a rural elite outflow and the retum of the social environment, make rural elite mobilemanagement and services, as well as villagers autonomy stage we have done for graduation. The measures taken: To improve rural villages within the elite mobile channels; Establish rural eliteoutflow of returning two-way flow; many elite pilot villages to return; to create a rural elite outflow and thereturn of the social environment; strengthen the rural elite outflow of management and services.
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