论文标题:企业社会责任的立法理论问题研究
A Theoretical Study of the Legislation of Enterprises" Social Responsibilities
论文作者 张晓丽
论文导师 徐卫东,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 民商法学
论文单位 吉林大学,点击次数 100,论文页数 72页File Size309k
2005-04-13论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_438387472/ 企业;社会责任; 立法
consumer credit; credit rating; credit bureau
关于企业社会责任的定义及其基本范围的界定众说纷纭,从简单的利润最大化,到满足利益相关者的社会要求,或履行社会契约义务,或实现企业自身需要,或取得社会均衡等。不过,比较普遍的认识是,企业必须把维护和实现社会整体利益作为评价其经营活动成果的有效依据和指标,而企业在使用各种自然资源和社会资源时,应当关注由于这种使用而可能给社会带来的影响和后果。本文基于企业社会责任理论的立法思考,主要从企业社会责任问题的提出、理论回顾(主要包括理论缘起、理论研究综述以及理论基础)、两种企业社会责任理论的比较分析、企业社会责任在中国的现状以及未来企业社会责任法律构想等几方面的问题入手,在重新整理了这一领域里的主要理论观点的基础上,特别是通过结合全球经济一体化的国际化趋势及中国现阶段市场经济处在转轨时期的现状,在这一框架下重新讨论了企业社会责任法律化的必要性。并在此理论基础上,根据国际化趋势的影响以及针对中国企业社会责任问题的实际情况,提出了企业社会责任法律化构想,主要包括:构建企业社会责任理论的法律制度、建立企业社会责任的监管机制以及加强企业社会责任的执行力度等方面的构想与设计。其中,若干法律化构想以及企业社会责任委托代理理论对现有工作提出了比较新颖的观点及建议。
Enterprises are organizations which use social savings to create social wealth. The society just supplies the enterprises with natural resources, human resources, institutional resources and other elements. Since enterprises exist and develop in the society, it’s very natural that during their productive and managerial activities, the enterprises are bound to impose both positive and negative effects on social production. For example, the enterprises just provide the society with employment opportunities, meet the material and cultural needs of consumers and play an active role in creating taxes, meanwhile, they are the main inciters of social problems, for example, the enterprises may over-exploit natural resources, make use of the economic advantages to monopolize the prices, produce shoddy goods, discriminate against small and middle-sized enterprises, impair legal rights of employees, pollute the environment, resort to bribery and other unhealthy tendencies. Also, the doubt on the “dual criteria”and “pollution transference”adds international backgrounds and complexity to the issue of enterprises’social responsibilities. Enterprises’owners and managers are becoming more aware of the fact that how to perform the enterprises’social responsibilities has due effects on the enterprises’future development. Obviously, the implementation of the enterprises’social responsibilities is a step-by-step process. The jurisprudence society becomes more focused on some critical issues: whether it is necessary to enact criteria for enterprises’social responsibilities or not? What criteria? And whether it is necessary to formulate a systematic legislation concerning enterprises’social responsibilities? Though there are various opinions on enterprises’social responsibilities in the circles of sociology, management and economics, yet from the perspective of law, especially from the perspective of legislation, the most important thing is to standardize the enterprises’social responsibilities with certain law. We deem that to set the enterprises’social responsibilities with law has its realistic significance; we suggest that certain compulsory rules be made to guarantee the enterprises to realize the due rights and the enterprises should bear certain consequences if they violate the rules. The main problem which China’s enterprises universally face is how to survive and how to build the modern enterprise system, meanwhile, we’d realize that some enterprises neglect their social responsibilities, impair the legal rights of" parties concerned, and thus set barriers to the development of the themselves and society at large. We’d borrow some advanced overseas experience from “Corporate’Law”, this not only takes the fact that we’d be farsighted in legislation, but also meets the increasing needs that the making of law shall keep in line with the international practices after China’s entry into the WTO. What should be clearly pointed out is that when suggesting the enterprises perform their social responsibilities, we don’t deny the profitability of the enterprises, we deem that in their running, the enterprises shall take the legal rights and interests of the parties concerned into consideration, and thus the profitability shall serves the society better. The theoretical researchers in the jurisprudence society of our country have conducted specific exploration and examination with regard to social responsibilities of enterprises. So far,among the principal researchers are, Li Lianyu, engaging in pursuing an effective approach for the implementation of enterprises’social responsibilities from the aspect of administration structure of a corporation; Li Junhai, who holds the opinion that social responsibilities of enterprises, qualified as an important part for the eventual establishment of modern enterprise system, should be highlighted and enhanced; Lu Daifu, who has made specific analysis and examination on social responsibilities of enterprises from aspects of jurisprudence and economics; Also there are some other
|
