论文标题:执行救济制度论
An Analysis of the Contingent Choice of Pay and Welfare Policy
论文作者 陈前春
论文导师 刘敏,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 诉讼法学
论文单位 南京师范大学,点击次数 553,论文页数 41页File Size2246k
2002-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_441602/ 执行救济;执行异议;异议之诉;立法完善
the execution of relief,the objection of executive procedure,the lawsuit of court decision,the perfection of legislation
执行救济制度旨在为执行当事人或利害关系人对抗执行机关违法或不当的执行行为提供方法和手段，它有其独立的外在功能、确立基础以及适用原则。执行救济是多种救济手段、方法的总称，根据当事人或利害关系人对执行行为不服而提出申请的原因，可以将执行救济分为执行异议和异议之诉。执行异议意在纠正执行机关在程序上的错误，其构成必须具备相应的主体条件和事实理由，且执行异议的运作有着严格的程序规定。异议之诉乃是债务人或利害关系人对于债权人的请求存在实体上的争议，因而请求对争议的实体法律关系进行裁判，以排除强制执行的救济方法。异议之诉根据主体的不同，可以进一步分为债务人异议之诉和第三人异议之诉，债务人异议之诉和第三人异议之诉都有各自的构成要件和运行程序。当前我国有关执行救济的立法还很不完善，在救济主体、救济范围、处理手段等诸多方面存在缺陷，考虑到我国执行工作所面临的突出矛盾以及我国执行人员的实际素质，笔者认为应借鉴集中型执行救济立法模式，从执行异议和异议之诉两个方面来加以完善，并注意立法过程中的系统性和联系性。
The execution of relief system, which has its own exterior functions, foundations and applicable principles, aims at providing methods and means for interested parties or related people to oppose illegal executive organs and improper execution. According to the different characters of relief, the execution of relief can be classified as procedural execution of relief, i.e., objection of executive procedure, and entitative execution of relief, i.e., lawsuit of the execution of judgement. The objection of executive procedure aims at correcting the mistakes of executive organs in procedure, which should have corresponding subjective and factual reasons, and the procedure of the objection of executive procedure must be strictly defined. The lawsuit of judgement is the objection of court decision of the debtors or related people against the creditors" demands, so the debtors require re-judgement of the legal relationship in order to get rid of law enforcement. According to legal subjective, the lawsuit of judgement can be classified as the lawsuit of the debtors and the lawsuit of the third person that have their own formative conditions and executive procedures. In present China, the legislation on the execution of relief is imperfect and has defects in executive subjective, executive scope, working methods and so on. Thus the legislation should be perfected in both the objection of executive procedure and the lawsuit of judgement by drawing lessons from the centralized pattern of legislation.
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