论文标题:无线传感器网络路由协议研究
论文作者
论文导师 王福豹,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 软件工程
论文单位 西北工业大学,点击次数 109,论文页数 72页File Size5671K
2007-03-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_49199952/
Wireless Sensor Network; Routing protocol; CMR; CMR2
无线传感器网络随着传感器技术、微机电系统、现代网络和无线通信等技术的进步孕育而生。经过近几年研究和发展，无线传感器网络已经在环境监测、医疗监护、城市交通管理、仓储管理、军事侦察等领域初显成效。随着研究的深入，网络层的分簇路由算法研究成为近年来研究的一个热点。 CMR路由协议就是一种基于分簇的多跳路由协议(Cluster-based Multi-hop Routing，CMR)。其基本思想是在动态簇首选举和簇重组的基础上，结合能量控制过程，以更好的降低和节约节点能耗，延长网络生命期。不足之处是，CMR由于其协商机制的缺陷，在簇划分时容易造成簇结构不合理、孤立簇首较多等问题。 本文对现有的无线传感器网络路由协议进行研究的基础上，提出一新的簇组织算法来对CMR路由协议进行改进，主要完成的工作包括： (1)论述了无线传感器网络的由来、发展、现状、传感器节点的体系结构及其发展、无线传感器网络相关的无线通信标准。 (2)研究和分析了无线传感器网络的设计考虑因素、分类方式，并对已有的几种经典路由算法做出了分析。 (3)采用基于节点连通度的簇划分算法对CMR协议进行改进，改进后的算法选择连通度高的节点优先成为簇首，这样选举出的簇首更利于簇的管理与维护。节点连通度的获取完全是分布式算法，具有较小的时间复杂度。新的协议CMR2在TinyOS操作系统上进行了编码实现。并使用30个Mica2节点进行了实验。实验结果表明，该新的算法大大降低了孤立簇首的个数，成簇饱和度较高。 (4)展望未来的研究工作和方向。
With the development of sensors technology, Micro-Electro-Mechanism System(MEMS), modern networks and wireless communication technology, wireless sensor network (WSN) comes out and develops gradually. After people"s researching and developing in recent years, WSN has been applied in a lot of fields such as environment detecting, medical treatment guarding, city traffic management, storage management and military affairs reconnaissance.As deep researching, Clustering Routing in Network layer become a hotspot. CMR(Cluster-based Multi-hop Routing) is such a clustering routing for WSN. It is developed by WSN lab of Northwest Polytechnic University. The basic thinking of the algorithm is to prolong the lifetime of WSN, which is on the basis of the dynamic election of cluster head, the rebuilding of cluster, and the energy control. But the problem locates in the negotiation mechanism in CMR. The clustering effect in CMR if not very good and it may cause too much cluster head.The research of this thesis is developing a new algorithm to improve the negotiation mechanism of CMR. The main work includes:(1) The developing history, actuality, system architecture and related wireless communication standards are described.(2) WSN routing factors, classification methods and several famous routing algorithms are described.(3) A new clustering algorithm which based on max-connectivity is proposed to improve the bad clustering of CMR. The new algorithm choose node which holds a higher connectivity to be a cluster head, so that the cluster head elected would be more appropriate for the topology. The new routing algorithm CMR2 is implemented in TinyOS and experimented in Mica2 node. Experiment proves that the improved algorithm is correct, effective and practical.(4) The directions of research in this area are introduced.
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