论文标题:IEEE 802.15.4标准的研究与实现
The Research and Implementation of IEEE 802.15.4 Standard
论文作者
论文导师 张卫,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 计算机应用技术
论文单位 华东师范大学,点击次数 127,论文页数 78页File Size4773K
2007-10-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_4923277/
WSN;; IEEE 802.15.4;; Hardware Abstraction Layer;; MAC Sublayer Protocol;; Superframe Structure
IEEE 802.15.4标准是由国际电信联盟制定的，适用于短距离，低功耗无线设备之间进行数据传输和通信的协议，具有低速率、低功耗、传输距离短、架构简单、体积小的特点，适应无线传感器网络，其任务就是制定物理层(PHY)和媒体接入控制层(MAC)规范。目前，国外已有数家公司和研究机构对该标准投入研究，包括适合该标准芯片平台和协议栈的研究，也已有产品面市。我国的研究机构也投入了大量的人力物力进行研究。 本文在深入研究802.15.4标准协议的基础上，设计了一套在嵌入式硬件平台上可移植性较高的协议栈开发方案，讨论了在设计过程中遇到的问题，并从实现角度针对这些问题提出了对应的解决方案，而且在Freescale公司GT60系列MCU和MC13192射频芯片的硬件平台上给出实现，包括底层系统软件、射频驱动软件、物理层协议和MAC子层协议软件。 本文首先介绍了IEEE 802.15.4的提出和研究现状，并从中引出其提出的背景和必要性。随后，详细介绍并分析了根据该标准组建网络拓扑的特点，并介绍了两层协议各自采用的技术和特性，尤其是MAC子层采用的超帧结构、传输模型及场景，并且介绍了其帧结构定义。 其次，基于协议栈的可移植性考虑，本文提出了一套完整的系统架构设计方案。这套系统架构基于硬件抽象层的思想，在底层提供了一些必要的、类似OS功能的系统软件以及射频芯片驱动软件。接着本文介绍了这两部分软件应该具有的必要功能。 然后，本文在所提出的系统架构以及底层软件的基础上，利用这些底层模块和整体架构，实现了IEEE 802.15.4标准定义的两层协议。这两层协议向上层提供了媒体访问控制和基本的数据传输的功能。本文实现的802.15.4协议栈，支持除了安全模块之外标准中所有的特性和功能。最后对该协议栈系统进行了测试。
IEEE 802.15.4 designed by the International Telecommunication Union, applies to short-range, low-power wireless devices for data transmission and communication. This protocol has some features like low-rate, low-power, short-distance, simple-structure, small-size and so on, and adapts to wireless sensor network. Its task is to develop the specification of physical (PHY) layer and media access control (MAC) sublayer. At present, several foreign companies and research institutions have devoted lots of researches for the standart, including the researches about thechip patform and protocol stack, and they already have some products coming to the market. Many research institutions of our country also have invested a lot of manpower and resources into the research. Based on the inside study of 802.15.4 standard, this thesis introduces a design approach of protocol stack development with higher portability in a embedded platform, and discusses the design problems encountered in the process, and makes the corresponding solutions to these problems. Then the thesis gives out the implementation details of the standard, including the details about underlying system software, RF driver software, physical layer protocol and MAC layer protocol software. The implementation was made on a hardware platform with GT60 Series MCU and MC13192 RF chip, which are both provided by FREESCALE. This thesis begins with the proposal and current development of IEEE 802.15.4, and then it introduces its background and necessity. Subsequently, the thesis analyzes the features of the network established according to this standard, and introduces the technology and features used in this two-layer protocol, espercailly the superframe structure, transmission model and scene in the MAC sublayer. The thesis gives out the defination of the frame deflations as well. Secondly, for the consideration with portability of a protocol stack, this thesis presents a complete set of system architecture design. The system architecture bases on the thinking of hardware abstraction layer, provides some functions about system and RF chip driver which are necessary and similar with OS. And then the details of these functions are introduced following. Thirdly, based on these modules and overall framework which are introduced above, the protocol of two layers is implemented. This protocol provides functions about MAC and basic data transfer to the upper layer, and includes all functions and features beseides security module. Finally, the protocol stack has been tested.
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