论文标题:优质多抗高产棉花新品种选育研究
Study of Breeding of Upland Cotton with High Fiber Quality, Multi-resistance and High Yield
论文作者
论文导师 陈耀锋,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 农业推广
论文单位 西北农林科技大学,点击次数 114,论文页数 33页File Size1689K
2005-05-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_49520207/
upland cotton;disease resistance;cotton breeding;selection pressure
本试验主要研究了①杂种世代不同环境压力胁迫下的选择效应;②杂种后代稳定材料大群体高强度选择压力下的连续选择效果;③复交转育抗虫基因方法与效果。结果表明,不同世代材料,在各环境因素的组合压力胁迫下,即最佳微生态环境和多因素逆境的交替胁迫下,在丰富的遗传背景下,连续选择大群体,使各类潜伏基因得到充分表达,最终选出符合育种目标的基因型。本试验独创的“优生境——逆境”交替选择的方法,通过田间实践育成优质多抗高产棉花品种陕4080,全国区试(黄河流域含新疆棉区共8省、区,20点次)结果,比对照中12超产霜前皮棉23.0%,抗枯萎、耐黄萎、耐旱碱、中抗棉铃虫,2000年通过陕西省审定。将陕4080在病圃连续种植、大强度棉铃虫压力下选择,育成抗病、虫品种陕2365,将中抗棉铃虫、耐黄萎病提高到高抗棉铃虫,抗黄萎,2005年通过陕西省审定。 通过转基因材料和陕4080杂交,F_1再与优质种质中206复交的方法,连续大群体进行标记基因的卡那霉素测定,育成转基因抗虫棉品系陕204,品质超过国家农业部2003-2007年育种目标,陕西省区试霜前皮棉产量比对照美棉33B超产23.16%,居试验首位,协调了抗虫、抗病、抗逆、优质、丰产的关系,实现转基因抗虫棉的遗传改良。2005年3月已报农业部国家转基因生物安全评价办公室,申请在陕西省的生产应用。
The test mainly studies ① selection effects of hybrid generation under different environmental pressures;② continuous selection effects of hybrid descendants with steady material in great groups and under high selection pressures;③ methods and effects of complex cross of multi-parents and insects resistance gene. The result suggests that great groups are continuously selected from different generation materials, under combination pressures of various environmental elements, that"s to say. Under total pressures of the best micro ecological emironment and multi-elements adversity, against rich genetic background, and make all kinds of potential genes full expressed. And at last genotype is selected in keeping nith breeding objective. The cotton variety shan No. 4080 with good fiber quality, high yield and multi resistance is bred by means of selecting in good -adver cotton growing condition, created originally in the test through field practice. The result of Shan No.4080 in the regional variety test (8 provinces regions ) 20 times yellow River valley including Xinjiang cotton region (shows that the yield of line cotton before frost overfulyines 23.0 percent than CCRI12CK) , resists fusavrium nilt and rerticillinm nilt, endures drought and alkali, moderately resists Helicoverpa armigera, The field of artificial infection are continuously planted and the result are selected under great Helicoverpa armigera pressure, improving Helicorerpa armigera moderate resistance and verticillium wilt endurance to Helicorerpa armigera high resistance and rerticiuinm nilt resistance . The variety has been exarmied in Shaanxi in 2005. By transgenic material crossing with Shan No.4080, F_1 complexly crossing with No.CCRI 206 great groups are continuously tested by Kanamyoin marker gent, having bred transgenic Bt cotton Shan No. 204. The quality surpasses the breeding objective of ministry of Agriculture during 2003-2007. The yield of line cotton before frost in the regional variety test in Shaanxi orerfulfius 23.16 percent than 33B(CK), standing the first. And coordinates the relationship among. Insect and disease resistance, adversity resistance, superior quality and high yield, achieving the genetic improvement of transgenic Bt cotton. The variety has been submitted to Ministry of Agriculture, applying for practice in Shaanxi.
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