论文标题:中国学生理解俄语文艺语篇的特点
The Catcher in the Rye and Zen Buddhism
论文作者 傅利琴
论文导师 许高渝,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 外国语言学及应用语言学
论文单位 浙江大学,点击次数 108,论文页数 60页File Size2440k
2004-12-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_4983917/ 成长小说;才智;情感结构;可知群体危机;需求强调;平衡
Bildungsroman; intelligence; the structure of feeling; the crisis of knowable community; the emphasis of want; balance
语篇是人类交际的最重要的载体。人们交流思想、交换信息、意见和情感往往要借助于口语的或书面的语篇来完成。准确地、成功地理解语篇内容就成了实现语篇内容的价值、达到交际目的的必要条件。这一切都表明,对语篇理解的研究对于人类交际和教学都具有重要的理论和实践意义。 对于与语篇理解相关的问题,现代俄罗斯语言学和心理语言学界的很多学者们都作过相应的研究,其中最有价值的研究应当归功于著名俄罗斯心理语言学家。在很多学者的研究基础上,她总结出了一系列的对语篇理解的观点,比如逻辑—语言学观点、认知学观点、心理语言学观点以及心理诗学的观点等;同时应当指出的是,中国国内也不乏致力于该问题研究的学者,例如刘晓玲的《语篇理解过程及其心理学机制》、张宏文的《语言外知识对语篇的影响》、杜国宁的《语境和语篇理解》等,他们分别从各个不同的角度分析了语篇理解。 尽管国内外对于语篇理解这一问题进行研究的论著比比皆是,观点也层出不穷,但是根据我们的观察,以某种特定的语言及某一特定的读者群为限定条件来研究语篇理解的学者目前并不多见。这也就是本文的创新点所在。 本文着重致力于分析影响中国学生理解俄语文艺语篇的因素,全文由三部分组成。第一部分是前言。在前言里我们简单介绍了近年来对语篇理解的研究、文章的新意、任务、采用的论述方法以及论文主要内容。第二部分是本文的重点,分四个章节。第一章主要解释了一系列术语,介绍了语篇理解的几个模式和理论;第二章在分析文艺语篇理解的三个层次及俄语的特点的基础上总结出了两大类可能影响中国学生理解俄语文艺语篇的语言学因素;在第三章里,我们通过论述语言与文化的相互关系,分析了不同语言层面上的民族文化特点的表现,借助“文化空缺”和“文化休克”这两个概念阐明了俄罗斯民族文化特点对中国学生理解俄语文艺语篇的影响;最后一章,我们选读了六篇俄罗斯经典文艺作品,详细地分析了民族文化特点对中国学生理解产生的具体的影响。第三部分即为结论部分:我们希望本文的分析能对中国学生阅读和理解俄语文艺语篇有所帮助。
The Catcher in the Rye, J. D. Salinger"s masterpiece, was first published in 1951, which is set in the background of post-World War II in the US. Written in the first person, the novel depicts in flashback the mature pilgrimage of the adolescent protagonist, Holden, who wanders around New York after expelled from the fourth prep, encountering persons from different social status and suffering various contradictions. Translated into different languages and republished as well as reprinted, it attracts readers all over the world, especially the adolescents. Honored as the "Bible" of literature, it has been sold for more than 60 million copies so far.Salinger was born in 1919 and had experienced the World War II. He is a low-yield novelist, having published 35 stories in total. Fascinated by the concept of Zen Buddhism, he develops the philosophy of reclusion and therefore lives a plain life in New Hampshire since 1960s. Admitting autobiographical elements, The Catcher in the Rye apparently implies author"s idea in his hero, Holden.Pivoting around the social environments, Holden"s growing experience, and speeches as well as behaviors, this thesis investigates the thoughts of the characters, the implications by incidents and words, and their origins. Holden is personalized with contradictions, innocent yet immature, vulgarand worldly, self-critical yet unrestraint and indulgent, hoping to become deaf-mute yet willing to converse, and tending to accept advice yet obstinate, all of which originates in his, even Salinger"s yearning for innocence, equality and happy lives as opposed to their strong disappointment at the phony relationships between human beings and ruthless living competitions. As an adolescent, Holden (even Salinger) feels puzzled and painful.The thesis tries to investigate the associations of Zen Buddhism with Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, and Holden respectively. Influenced by Zen Buddhism, Salinger leads a Zen Buddhistic life, which reflects in his novels. The Catcher in the Rye that advocates contradictions and harmony in social life has been considered a significant conduct book for adolescents. Metaphoric stories, similar to Koans used in Zen Buddhism, are introduced to guide Holden to enlightenment. Admonishments between teachers and students in Zen Buddhism are also borrowed to the novel. In addition, the thesis analyzes Salinger and Holden"s superficial realization of the spirit of Zen Buddhism, such as their misunderstanding of beings" equality, unawareness of the essence of realities, and lacking in self-discipline.Moreover, the thesis discusses the typical writing characteristics of the novel in details.
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