论文标题:跨国公司技术战略对我国企业技术进步的影响及其对策研究
The International Company Technique Strategy Influences Chinese Business Enterprise Technique Progressive and the Counter Plan Study
论文作者
论文导师 曹洪军,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 企业管理
论文单位 中国海洋大学,点击次数 93,论文页数 95页File Size15426K
论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_513357462/
International company; Technique strategy; Developing country; Technique progress; Car industry
由于中国经济的快速增长、市场的巨大潜力等因素,特别在入世后,中国在跨国公司经营战略的地位日益显要。根据邓宁的直接投资理论,技术优势是跨国公司从事对外投资的基础和前提,也是跨国公司克服在国外经营不利因素,战胜当地竞争对手的唯一利器。随着跨国公司对华投资力度的不断加大,科技含量和技术档次的提高,其在华技术战略也呈现出新的发展态势。另一方面,中国是一个发展中国家,长期以来技术一直是制约我国企业发展的关键问题。在现有经济水平下,我们不可能用有限的资源进行超过发达国家跨国公司的R&D投资,必须考虑依靠外部技术资源来实现技术发展的目标,而跨国公司的在华技术转移与研发也就成为我国企业获取外部技术资源的主要渠道。 本文首先将跨国公司在华技术战略分为三大部分:技术应用战略、技术增长战略和技术保护战略。其中技术应用战略是以跨国公司的对华技术转移战略为代表,是指跨国公司将现有技术在我国范围内加以应用,从而获取最大收益,跨国公司的技术转移战略也是我国企业从跨国公司获取技术的主要渠道;技术增长战略以跨国公司的研发本地化为代表,研发本地化进一步加剧了跨国公司在我国的技术扩散和溢出,随着经济全球化的程度日益提高,研发本地化已成为跨国公司在华技术战略中越来越重要的组成部分;而技术保护战略是指跨国公司的知识产权保护战略,跨国公司通过知识产权保护加紧掌握核心技术的控制权,从而阻击我国企业的技术吸收和创新。 随后,本文研究了跨国公司在华技术战略对我国企业进步的正负效应。跨国公司对我国企业的技术促进作用主要体现在:通过外部化和内部化方式所进行的技术转移;与我国企业的上下游产业关联、培训当地员工所产生的技术溢出效应,技术示范效应及人力资源效应。跨国公司对我国企业的技术抑制作用表现在:技术依赖、差距永久化和固定化、技术转移的非适用性、技术陷阱的存在、跨国公司与我国企业争夺研发资源、其技术保护战略对我国企业技术创新的抑制等方面。 在跨国公司技术战略的影响和约束下,我国企业应充分利用跨国公司技术的转移和溢出效应,同时尽量避免技术的抑制作用,提升技术的吸收能力,培育内生技术,实现企业技术进步。本文进行了我国企业技术进步机制的设计,对我国企业技术进步机制的大致框架进行构建,并对该机制运行平台进行了详细研究,包括基于生产下游端的初级加工与装配、产品或零部件的标准化生产(OEM)、产品或零部件的再设计(ODM)、合作
Because of the factors such as the fast growth, the huge potential of market of Chinese economy, Specially after go into WTO, China conducts a increasingly important position in the international company’s strategy in the world. According to Dunning’s direct investment theory, the technique advantage is the foundation and premises in the international company’s investment in outward, it is also an unique sharp weapon of international l company with which overcome the disadvantageous factor and defects the local rivals in the developing country. Along with the international company enlarge the investment, raise their exaltation of science and technology content continuously, the technique strategy also presents a new development situation in China. On the other hand, China is a developing country, Technique has been the key problem of Chinese business enterprise development for long time. Under the existing and economic level, we can not carry on more R&D investment than developed international company with the limited resource , we must consider to depend on the exterior technique resources target to carry out our technique development. So, international company become to be the main resource of Chinese business enterprise obtains the exterior technique. Firstly, this text divided international company technique strategy in China into three parts: Technique application strategy, technique growth strategy and technique protect strategy. Among them, technique application strategy means the technique transferring from international company to China, it means that the international company applicates their existing technique in China, and obtain the biggest income, it is also the main resourse that Chinese business enterprise obtains technique from the international company. The technique growth strategy takes R&D localization for representative .It develops the international company technique proliferation and spillages in China. And the technique protection strategy means the intelligent property right protection of the international company, the international company carries on the intelligent property right protection to control the core technical, thus prevents technique absorption and innovations of Chinese business enterprises.
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