论文标题:庄子和毕达哥拉斯美学思想比较
The Esthetics Thought Comparison of Zhuang-zi and Pythagoras
论文作者
论文导师 姜云,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 外国哲学
论文单位 延边大学,点击次数 119,论文页数 47页File Size2567K
2007-05-25论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_532527282/
Zhuang-zi; Pythagoras; esthetics thought; comparison
庄子(约前369～前286年)是继老子之后，战国时期道家学派的代表人。毕达哥拉斯(Pythagoras，约前572—前497年)古希腊数学家、哲学家。庄子同毕达哥拉斯所处的时代差不多。二人分别是中困和古希腊传统美学的先驱。他们的美学思想集中反映了各自时代的美学思想和成就，对中国和西方传统美学产生了深远影响。那么在相同的时期，不同的地点和文化背景之下，两位思想家所产生的美学思想究竟有什么异同，只有对两位思想大家的美学思想进行比较，研究二人在美学问题上的不同探索，才能更加深刻地理解二人美学思想异同。而研究二人美学思想的异同，不仅具有一定的学术意义和现实价值，也有助于我们理解中西方在美学领域的不同思维，及对后世产生的影响。 本文主要对庄子和毕达哥拉斯二人的美学思想进行比较和研究，具体分析了二人在美的本体、美的形式、美的价值、审美教育四个方面的异同点。 庄子提出了“道”为美的本体，他的美源于道，作为宇宙本休的“道”是最高的、绝对的美。毕达哥拉斯则提出了“数”为美的本体，数是事物生成的原则，是事物的组织原则，“数”的和谐、比例就是“美”。在美的形式上，二人也有各自观点：庄子推崇“道法自然”，提出“大美之美”，认为美存在于天地之中，即存在与大自然之中。毕达哥拉斯提出“美在和谐”，并将和谐运用到宇宙学、音乐、艺术当中。在美的价值上，庄子重自然和非功利性，他认为自然无为即是美，而且是最高的美；毕达哥拉斯重形式和理性，认为美在于物体的形式，数是与理性相联的。在审美教育方面，庄子具有“轻功利、重本真”的特点，毕达哥拉斯开创性地提出了“艺术对人有心灵净化作用”。 不同的时代背景，孕育了不同的美学观点，而不同的民族文化传统又赋予其思想以鲜明的民族特色。通过比较，我们可以看出二人美学思想的异同，从中也反映出中西方审美的不同思维方式。
After Zhuang-zi (BC 369～BC 286) continues the father, Warring States time Taoism school of thought representative. Pythagoras (Pythagoras, BC572～BC 497) ancient Greece mathematician, philosopher. Zhuang-zi the time which locates with Pythagoras is similar. Two people respectively are Chinese and the ancient Greece tradition esthetics pioneer. Their esthetics thought concentrated reflection respective time esthetics thought and the achievement, have had the profound influence to Chinese and Western tradition esthetics. Then took in a same time, in the different place and under the cultural context, actually esthetics thought which two thinkers do produce some similarities and differences spot, it is necessary to carry on the comparison to two thought everybody esthetics thought, on the one hand, studies two people"s different exploration in the esthetics question, has certain academic significance and the realistic value, which is helpful for us to understood the West in the esthetics domain different thought, and the influence which produces to the later generation. This article mainly carries on the comparison and the research to Zhuang-zi"s and the Pythagoras"s of esthetics thought, analyzed two people specifically in the beautiful main body, the beautiful form, the beautiful value, has educated four aspects esthetically the similarities and differences spot. Zhuang-zi proposed "the thoughts" as the main body of beauty, his beautiful source in said, took the universe main body "the road" highest, the absolute America. Pythagoras proposed "the number" as the beautiful main body, the number is the thing that production principle,、organization principle, "number" is the harmony, the proportion are "beautiful". In the form of beauty two people also have respective viewpoints: Zhuang-zi esteems "the magic arts nature", and will be harmonious utilizes the cosmology, music, art. In the beautiful value, the Zhuang-zi heavy nature and non-utilitarian, he thought the natural inactivity not only is beautiful, moreover is the highest America; The Pythagoras heavy form and the rationality, thought lies in the object beautifully the form, dozens of unites with the rationality. In the esthetic education aspect, Zhuang-zi had "the light industry advantage seriously, candid" the characteristic, Pythagoras groundbreaking proposed "art had the mind purification to the human". The different time background, has bred the different esthetics viewpoint, and the different national culture tradition entrusts with its thought by the bright national characteristic. Through the comparison, we may see two human of esthetics thought the similarities and differences, also reflects West"s esthetic different thinking mode.
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